0 6 p21ras p21ras NN 7 16 initiates initiate VBZ 17 22 Rac-1 rac-1 NN 23 26 but but CC 27 30 not not RB 31 43 phosphatidyl phosphatidyl NN 44 52 inositol inositol NN 53 54 3 3 CD 55 65 kinase/PKB kinase/pkb NN 65 66 , , , 67 75 mediated mediate VBN 76 85 signaling signaling NN 86 94 pathways pathway NNS 95 97 in in IN 98 99 T t NN 100 112 lymphocytes. lymphocytes. NN 114 120 p21ras p21ras NN 121 123 is be VBZ 124 133 activated activate VBN 134 136 by by IN 137 140 the the DT 141 142 T t NN 143 147 cell cell NN 148 155 antigen antigen NN 156 164 receptor receptor NN 165 166 ( ( ( 166 169 TCR TCR NNP 169 170 ) ) ) 171 174 and and CC 175 179 then then RB 180 192 co-ordinates coordinate VBZ 193 202 important important JJ 203 212 signaling signaling NN 213 221 pathways pathway NNS 222 225 for for IN 226 227 T t NN 228 238 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN 239 249 activation activation NN 249 250 . . . 251 259 Effector effector NN 260 268 pathways pathway NNS 269 272 for for IN 273 277 this this DT 278 285 guanine guanine NN 286 296 nucleotide nucleotide NN 297 304 binding binding NN 305 312 protein protein NN 313 315 in in IN 316 317 T t NN 318 323 cells cell NNS 324 327 are be VBP 328 336 mediated mediate VBN 337 339 by by IN 340 343 the the DT 344 360 serine/threonine serine/threonine NN 361 367 kinase kinase NNP 368 373 Raf-1 Raf-1 NNP 374 377 and and CC 378 381 the the DT 382 393 Ras-related ras-related JJ 394 400 GTPase gtpase NN 401 406 Rac-1 rac-1 NN 406 407 . . . 408 410 In in IN 411 422 fibroblasts fibroblast NNS 422 423 , , , 424 426 an an DT 427 436 important important JJ 437 445 effector effector NN 446 449 for for IN 450 453 the the DT 454 457 Ras Ras NNP 458 466 oncogene oncogene NN 467 469 is be VBZ 470 490 Phosphatidylinositol Phosphatidylinositol NNP 491 499 3-kinase 3-kinase NNP 500 501 ( ( ( 501 507 PtdIns PtdIns NNP 508 516 3-kinase 3-kinase NNP 516 517 ) ) ) 517 518 . . . 519 529 Activation Activation NNP 530 532 of of IN 533 537 this this DT 538 543 lipid lipid NN 544 550 kinase kinase NNP 551 553 is be VBZ 554 558 able able JJ 559 561 to to TO 562 568 induce induce VB 569 577 critical critical JJ 578 583 Rac-1 rac-1 NN 584 593 signaling signaling NN 594 602 pathways pathway NNS 603 606 and and CC 607 610 can can MD 611 617 couple couple VB 618 624 p21ras p21ras NN 625 627 to to TO 628 632 cell cell NN 633 641 survival survival NN 642 652 mechanisms mechanism NNS 653 656 via via IN 657 660 the the DT 661 677 serine/threonine serine/threonine NN 678 684 kinase kinase NNP 685 692 Akt/PKB Akt/PKB NNP 692 693 . . . 694 697 The the DT 698 702 role role NN 703 705 of of IN 706 712 PtdIns PtdIns NNP 713 721 3-kinase 3-kinase NNP 722 724 in in IN 725 728 Ras Ras NNP 729 738 signaling signaling NN 739 741 in in IN 742 743 T t NN 744 749 cells cell NNS 750 753 has have VBZ 754 757 not not RB 758 762 been be VBN 763 771 explored explore VBN 771 772 . . . 773 775 In in IN 776 779 the the DT 780 787 present present JJ 788 793 study study NN 793 794 , , , 795 797 we we PRP 798 806 examined examine VBD 807 810 the the DT 811 818 ability ability NN 819 821 of of IN 822 828 PtdIns PtdIns NNP 829 837 3-kinase 3-kinase NNP 838 840 to to TO 841 849 initiate initiate VB 850 853 the the DT 854 859 Rac-1 rac-1 NN 860 869 signaling signaling NN 870 878 pathways pathway NNS 879 888 important important JJ 889 892 for for IN 893 894 T t NN 895 899 cell cell NN 900 910 activation activation NN 910 911 . . . 912 914 We we PRP 915 919 also also RB 920 928 examined examine VBD 929 932 the the DT 933 944 possibility possibility NN 945 949 that that IN 950 957 Akt/PKB Akt/PKB NNP 958 960 is be VBZ 961 970 regulated regulate VBN 971 973 by by IN 974 977 Ras ras NN 978 987 signaling signaling NN 988 996 pathways pathway NNS 997 999 in in IN 1000 1001 T t NN 1002 1013 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS 1013 1014 . . . 1015 1018 The the DT 1019 1026 results result NNS 1027 1031 show show VBP 1032 1036 that that IN 1037 1040 Ras ras NN 1041 1044 can can MD 1045 1053 initiate initiate VB 1054 1055 a a DT 1056 1061 Rac-1 rac-1 NN 1062 1070 mediated mediate VBN 1071 1078 pathway pathway NN 1079 1083 that that WDT 1084 1093 regulates regulate VBZ 1094 1097 the the DT 1098 1113 transcriptional transcriptional JJ 1114 1122 function function NN 1123 1125 of of IN 1126 1130 AP-1 ap-1 NN 1131 1140 complexes complex NNS 1140 1141 . . . 1142 1148 PtdIns PtdIns NNP 1149 1157 3-kinase 3-kinase NNP 1158 1165 signals signal NNS 1166 1172 cannot cannot MD 1173 1178 mimic mimic VB 1179 1185 p21ras p21ras NN 1186 1189 and and CC 1190 1196 induce induce VB 1197 1200 the the DT 1201 1204 Rac rac NN 1205 1213 mediated mediate VBN 1214 1223 responses response NNS 1224 1226 of of IN 1227 1231 AP-1 ap-1 NN 1232 1247 transcriptional transcriptional JJ 1248 1258 activation activation NN 1258 1259 . . . 1260 1268 Moreover moreover RB 1268 1269 , , , 1270 1277 neither neither CC 1278 1281 TCR TCR NNP 1282 1284 or or CC 1285 1288 Ras Ras NNP 1289 1299 activation activation NN 1300 1302 of of IN 1303 1307 AP-1 ap-1 NN 1308 1310 is be VBZ 1311 1320 dependent dependent JJ 1321 1323 on on IN 1324 1330 PtdIns PtdIns NNP 1331 1339 3-kinase 3-kinase NNP 1339 1340 . . . 1341 1344 PKB PKB NNP 1345 1347 is be VBZ 1348 1357 activated activate VBN 1358 1360 in in IN 1361 1369 response response NN 1370 1372 to to TO 1373 1383 triggering triggering NN 1384 1386 of of IN 1387 1390 the the DT 1391 1392 T t NN 1393 1397 cell cell NN 1398 1405 antigen antigen NN 1406 1414 receptor receptor NN 1414 1415 ; ; : 1416 1422 PtdIns PtdIns NNP 1423 1431 3-kinase 3-kinase NNP 1432 1440 activity activity NN 1441 1443 is be VBZ 1444 1448 both both CC 1449 1457 required require VBN 1458 1461 and and CC 1462 1472 sufficient sufficient JJ 1473 1476 for for IN 1477 1481 this this DT 1482 1485 TCR TCR NNP 1486 1494 response response NN 1494 1495 . . . 1496 1498 In in IN 1499 1507 contrast contrast NN 1507 1508 , , , 1509 1515 p21ras p21ras NN 1516 1523 signals signal NNS 1524 1527 are be VBP 1528 1534 unable unable JJ 1535 1537 to to TO 1538 1544 induce induce VB 1545 1552 Akt/PKB Akt/PKB NNP 1553 1561 activity activity NN 1562 1564 in in IN 1565 1566 T t NN 1567 1571 cell cell NN 1572 1575 nor nor CC 1576 1578 is be VBZ 1579 1582 Ras ras NN 1583 1591 function function NN 1592 1600 required require VBN 1601 1604 for for IN 1605 1612 Akt/PKB Akt/PKB NNP 1613 1623 activation activation NN 1624 1626 in in IN 1627 1635 response response NN 1636 1638 to to TO 1639 1642 the the DT 1643 1646 TCR TCR NNP 1646 1647 . . . 1648 1651 The the DT 1652 1659 present present JJ 1660 1664 data datum NNS 1665 1669 thus thus RB 1670 1679 highlight highlight VBP 1680 1684 that that IN 1685 1691 PtdIns PtdIns NNP 1692 1700 3-kinase 3-kinase NNP 1701 1704 and and CC 1705 1712 Akt/PKB Akt/PKB NNP 1713 1716 are be VBP 1717 1720 not not RB 1721 1730 universal universal JJ 1731 1734 Ras Ras NNP 1735 1743 effector effector NN 1744 1753 molecules molecule NNS 1753 1754 . . . 1755 1758 Ras Ras NNP 1759 1762 can can MD 1763 1771 initiate initiate VB 1772 1777 Rac-1 rac-1 NN 1778 1787 regulated regulated JJ 1788 1797 signaling signaling NN 1798 1806 pathways pathway NNS 1807 1809 in in IN 1810 1813 the the DT 1814 1821 context context NN 1822 1824 of of IN 1825 1826 T t NN 1827 1831 cell cell NN 1832 1839 antigen antigen NN 1840 1848 receptor receptor NN 1849 1857 function function NN 1858 1871 independently independently RB 1872 1874 of of IN 1875 1881 PtdIns PtdIns NNP 1882 1890 3-kinase 3-kinase NNP 1891 1899 activity activity NN 1899 1900 . . .