0 6 Signal Signal NNP 7 19 transduction transduction NN 20 33 abnormalities abnormality NNS 34 36 in in IN 37 38 T t NN 39 50 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS 51 55 from from IN 56 64 patients patient NNS 65 69 with with IN 70 78 advanced advance VBN 79 84 renal renal JJ 85 94 carcinoma carcinoma NN 94 95 : : : 96 104 clinical clinical JJ 105 114 relevance relevance NN 115 118 and and CC 119 126 effects effect NNS 127 129 of of IN 130 138 cytokine cytokine NN 139 146 therapy therapy NN 146 147 . . . 149 156 Studies Study NNPS 157 161 have have VBP 162 174 demonstrated demonstrate VBN 175 188 abnormalities abnormality NNS 189 191 of of IN 192 195 the the DT 196 206 CD3/T-cell cd3/t-cell NN 207 214 antigen antigen NN 215 223 receptor receptor NN 224 225 ( ( ( 225 228 TCR TCR NNP 228 229 ) ) ) 230 233 and and CC 234 242 pathways pathway NNS 243 245 of of IN 246 252 signal signal NN 253 265 transduction transduction NN 266 268 in in IN 269 270 T t NN 271 282 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS 283 287 from from IN 288 295 animals animal NNS 296 299 and and CC 300 308 patients patient NNS 309 313 with with IN 314 322 advanced advanced JJ 323 333 malignancy malignancy NN 333 334 . . . 335 345 Diminished diminish VBN 346 356 expression expression NN 357 359 of of IN 360 367 TCRzeta TCRzeta NNP 368 371 and and CC 372 380 p56(lck) p56(lck) NNP 381 385 that that WDT 386 389 are be VBP 390 400 associated associate VBN 401 405 with with IN 406 409 the the DT 410 413 TCR TCR NNP 414 417 and and CC 418 425 reduced reduce VBN 426 433 nuclear nuclear JJ 434 446 localization localization NN 447 449 of of IN 450 454 RelA RelA NNP 455 465 containing contain VBG 466 473 nuclear nuclear JJ 474 480 factor factor NN 481 487 kappaB kappaB NNP 488 489 ( ( ( 489 497 NFkappaB NFkappaB NNP 497 498 ) ) ) 499 508 complexes complex NNS 509 513 have have VBP 514 518 been be VBN 519 524 noted note VBN 524 525 . . . 526 531 These these DT 532 539 defects defect NNS 540 544 have have VBP 545 549 been be VBN 550 559 described describe VBN 560 562 in in IN 563 564 T t NN 565 570 cells cell NNS 571 575 from from IN 576 584 patients patient NNS 585 589 with with IN 590 599 malignant malignant JJ 600 608 melanoma melanoma NN 608 609 , , , 610 615 renal renal JJ 616 620 cell cell NN 621 630 carcinoma carcinoma NN 631 632 ( ( ( 632 635 RCC RCC NNP 635 636 ) ) ) 636 637 , , , 638 645 ovarian ovarian JJ 646 652 cancer cancer NN 652 653 , , , 654 657 and and CC 658 668 colorectal colorectal JJ 669 675 cancer cancer NN 675 676 . . . 677 688 Preliminary preliminary JJ 689 701 observations observation NNS 702 706 also also RB 707 715 indicate indicate VBP 716 724 possible possible JJ 725 736 correlation correlation NN 737 741 with with IN 742 750 clinical clinical JJ 751 760 variables variable NNS 761 765 such such JJ 766 768 as as IN 769 774 stage stage NN 775 777 in in IN 778 786 selected select VBN 787 796 instances instance NNS 796 797 . . . 798 800 To to TO 801 808 further further RB 809 821 characterize characterize VB 822 829 altered altered JJ 830 840 expression expression NN 841 843 of of IN 844 851 TCRzeta TCRzeta NNP 851 852 , , , 853 861 p56(lck) p56(lck) NN 861 862 , , , 863 866 and and CC 867 875 impaired impaired JJ 876 886 activation activation NN 887 889 of of IN 890 898 NFkappaB NFkappaB NNP 898 899 , , , 900 901 T t NN 902 913 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS 914 918 were be VBD 919 927 obtained obtain VBN 928 932 from from IN 933 935 65 65 CD 936 944 patients patient NNS 945 949 with with IN 950 953 RCC RCC NNP 953 954 , , , 955 958 the the DT 959 967 majority majority NN 968 970 of of IN 971 975 whom whom WP 976 980 were be VBD 981 990 receiving receive VBG 991 1002 combination combination NN 1003 1011 cytokine cytokine NN 1012 1019 therapy therapy NN 1020 1021 [ [ ( 1021 1032 interleukin interleukin NN 1033 1034 ( ( ( 1034 1039 IL)-2 IL)-2 NNP 1039 1040 , , , 1041 1044 IFN ifn NN 1045 1061 alpha-containing alpha-containing JJ 1062 1070 regimens regimen NNS 1070 1071 ] ] ) 1072 1075 and and CC 1076 1078 37 37 CD 1079 1086 control control JJ 1087 1098 individuals individual NNS 1098 1099 . . . 1100 1102 In in IN 1103 1105 29 29 CD 1106 1108 of of IN 1109 1114 these these DT 1115 1123 patients patient NNS 1123 1124 , , , 1125 1131 levels level NNS 1132 1134 of of IN 1135 1142 TCRzeta TCRzeta NNP 1143 1146 and and CC 1147 1155 p56(lck) p56(lck) NNP 1156 1160 were be VBD 1161 1171 determined determine VBN 1172 1174 by by IN 1175 1182 Western western JJ 1183 1188 blots blot NNS 1189 1191 of of IN 1192 1198 T-cell t-cell NN 1199 1206 lysates lysate NNS 1207 1210 and and CC 1211 1226 semiquantitated semiquantitate VBN 1227 1232 using use VBG 1233 1245 densitometry densitometry NN 1245 1246 . . . 1247 1255 Relative relative JJ 1256 1262 levels level NNS 1263 1267 were be VBD 1268 1272 then then RB 1273 1283 correlated correlate VBN 1284 1288 with with IN 1289 1290 a a DT 1291 1297 series series NN 1298 1300 of of IN 1301 1309 clinical clinical JJ 1310 1319 variables variable NNS 1320 1329 including include VBG 1330 1338 response response NN 1339 1341 to to TO 1342 1349 therapy therapy NN 1349 1350 , , , 1351 1362 performance performance NN 1363 1369 status status NN 1369 1370 , , , 1371 1379 survival survival NN 1379 1380 , , , 1381 1388 disease disease NN 1389 1394 sites site NNS 1394 1395 , , , 1396 1399 age age NN 1399 1400 , , , 1401 1404 and and CC 1405 1411 others other NNS 1411 1412 . . . 1413 1415 In in IN 1416 1423 another another DT 1424 1429 group group NN 1430 1432 of of IN 1433 1435 28 28 CD 1436 1444 patients patient NNS 1445 1446 ( ( ( 1446 1451 three three CD 1452 1463 individuals individual NNS 1464 1468 from from IN 1469 1472 the the DT 1473 1478 first first JJ 1479 1484 group group NN 1484 1485 ) ) ) 1485 1486 , , , 1487 1490 the the DT 1491 1500 frequency frequency NN 1501 1503 of of IN 1504 1512 abnormal abnormal JJ 1513 1521 NFkappaB NFkappaB NNP 1522 1532 activation activation NN 1533 1536 was be VBD 1537 1544 studied study VBN 1545 1550 using use VBG 1551 1566 electrophoretic electrophoretic JJ 1567 1575 mobility mobility NN 1576 1581 shift shift NN 1582 1588 assays assay NNS 1589 1594 after after IN 1595 1605 activation activation NN 1606 1608 of of IN 1609 1610 T t NN 1611 1616 cells cell NNS 1617 1621 with with IN 1622 1629 phorbol phorbol NN 1630 1639 myristate myristate NN 1640 1657 acetate/ionomycin acetate/ionomycin NN 1658 1660 or or CC 1661 1669 anti-CD3 anti-cd3 JJ 1670 1680 monoclonal monoclonal JJ 1681 1689 antibody antibody NN 1689 1690 . . . 1691 1698 Changes change NNS 1699 1701 in in IN 1702 1707 these these DT 1708 1717 signaling signal VBG 1718 1727 molecules molecule NNS 1728 1734 during during IN 1735 1743 cytokine cytokine NN 1744 1753 treatment treatment NN 1754 1758 were be VBD 1759 1763 also also RB 1764 1776 investigated investigate VBN 1776 1777 . . . 1778 1785 TCRzeta TCRzeta NNP 1786 1789 and and CC 1790 1798 p56(lck) p56(lck) NNP 1799 1803 were be VBD 1804 1812 detected detect VBN 1813 1815 in in IN 1816 1819 the the DT 1820 1830 peripheral peripheral JJ 1831 1836 blood blood NN 1837 1838 T t NN 1839 1844 cells cell NNS 1845 1847 in in IN 1848 1850 27 27 CD 1851 1853 of of IN 1854 1856 29 29 CD 1857 1865 patients patient NNS 1865 1866 , , , 1867 1870 and and CC 1871 1878 overall overall RB 1878 1879 , , , 1880 1887 reduced reduce VBN 1888 1894 levels level NNS 1895 1899 were be VBD 1900 1905 noted note VBN 1906 1914 visually visually RB 1915 1917 in in IN 1918 1920 12 12 CD 1921 1923 of of IN 1924 1926 29 29 CD 1927 1928 ( ( ( 1928 1930 41 41 CD 1930 1931 % % NN 1931 1932 ) ) ) 1933 1936 and and CC 1937 1939 13 13 CD 1940 1942 of of IN 1943 1945 29 29 CD 1946 1947 ( ( ( 1947 1949 45 45 CD 1949 1950 % % NN 1950 1951 ) ) ) 1952 1963 individuals individual NNS 1963 1964 , , , 1965 1977 respectively respectively RB 1977 1978 . . . 1979 1983 When when WRB 1984 1990 levels level NNS 1991 1995 were be VBD 1996 2011 semiquantitated semiquantitate VBN 2012 2017 using use VBG 2018 2030 densitometry densitometry NN 2030 2031 , , , 2032 2043 significant significant JJ 2044 2053 decreases decrease NNS 2054 2056 of of IN 2057 2064 TCRzeta TCRzeta NNP 2065 2066 ( ( ( 2066 2067 P p NN 2068 2069 = = SYM 2070 2075 0.029 0.029 CD 2075 2076 ) ) ) 2077 2080 and and CC 2081 2089 p56(lck) p56(lck) NNP 2090 2091 ( ( ( 2091 2092 P p NN 2093 2094 = = SYM 2095 2100 0.029 0.029 CD 2100 2101 ) ) ) 2102 2105 but but CC 2106 2109 not not RB 2110 2120 CD3epsilon CD3epsilon NNP 2121 2122 ( ( ( 2122 2123 P p NN 2124 2125 = = SYM 2126 2131 0.131 0.131 CD 2131 2132 ) ) ) 2132 2133 , , , 2134 2142 compared compare VBN 2143 2147 with with IN 2148 2155 control control NN 2156 2162 levels level NNS 2162 2163 , , , 2164 2168 were be VBD 2169 2174 found find VBN 2174 2175 . . . 2176 2178 In in IN 2179 2187 patients patient NNS 2188 2195 treated treat VBN 2196 2200 with with IN 2201 2209 IL-2/IFN il-2/ifn NN 2210 2221 alpha-based alpha-based JJ 2222 2229 therapy therapy NN 2229 2230 , , , 2231 2239 relative relative JJ 2240 2246 levels level NNS 2247 2249 of of IN 2250 2257 TCRzeta TCRzeta NNP 2258 2267 increased increase VBD 2268 2281 significantly significantly RB 2282 2283 ( ( ( 2283 2284 P p NN 2285 2286 = = SYM 2287 2292 0.002 0.002 CD 2292 2293 ) ) ) 2294 2296 on on IN 2297 2300 day day NN 2301 2303 15 15 CD 2304 2306 of of IN 2307 2312 cycle cycle NN 2313 2316 one one CD 2317 2325 compared compare VBN 2326 2330 with with IN 2331 2334 the the DT 2335 2343 baseline baseline NN 2343 2344 . . . 2345 2357 Correlations correlation NNS 2358 2360 of of IN 2361 2368 TCRzeta TCRzeta NNP 2369 2371 or or CC 2372 2380 p56(lck) p56(lck) NN 2381 2387 levels level NNS 2388 2392 with with IN 2393 2401 response response NN 2402 2404 or or CC 2405 2412 disease disease NN 2413 2422 variables variable NNS 2422 2423 , , , 2424 2430 except except IN 2431 2434 for for IN 2435 2440 lower low JJR 2441 2448 TCRzeta TCRzeta NNP 2449 2455 levels level NNS 2456 2457 ( ( ( 2457 2458 P p NN 2459 2460 < < SYM 2461 2466 0.001 0.001 CD 2466 2467 ) ) ) 2468 2470 in in IN 2471 2474 the the DT 2475 2483 presence presence NN 2484 2486 of of IN 2487 2491 bone bone NN 2492 2502 metastases metastasis NNS 2502 2503 , , , 2504 2508 were be VBD 2509 2512 not not RB 2513 2518 found find VBN 2518 2519 . . . 2520 2528 Abnormal abnormal JJ 2529 2537 NFkappaB NFkappaB NNP 2538 2548 activation activation NN 2549 2554 after after IN 2555 2566 stimulation stimulation NN 2567 2571 with with IN 2572 2579 phorbol phorbol NN 2580 2589 myristate myristate NN 2590 2607 acetate/ionomycin acetate/ionomycin NN 2608 2614 and/or and/or CC 2615 2623 anti-CD3 anti-cd3 JJ 2624 2634 monoclonal monoclonal JJ 2635 2643 antibody antibody NN 2644 2647 was be VBD 2648 2653 found find VBN 2654 2656 in in IN 2657 2659 59 59 CD 2659 2660 % % NN 2661 2663 of of IN 2664 2672 patients patient NNS 2673 2674 ( ( ( 2674 2676 17 17 CD 2677 2679 of of IN 2680 2682 28 28 CD 2682 2683 ) ) ) 2684 2687 and and CC 2688 2691 was be VBD 2692 2695 not not RB 2696 2705 accounted account VBN 2706 2709 for for IN 2710 2712 by by IN 2713 2716 the the DT 2717 2725 advanced advanced JJ 2726 2729 age age NN 2730 2732 of of IN 2733 2736 the the DT 2737 2742 study study NN 2743 2749 cohort cohort NN 2749 2750 . . . 2751 2761 Activation Activation NNP 2762 2764 of of IN 2765 2773 NFkappaB NFkappaB NNP 2774 2776 in in IN 2777 2787 peripheral peripheral JJ 2788 2793 blood blood NN 2794 2795 T t NN 2796 2801 cells cell NNS 2802 2805 was be VBD 2806 2815 inducible inducible JJ 2816 2822 during during IN 2823 2831 cytokine cytokine NN 2832 2839 therapy therapy NN 2840 2842 in in IN 2843 2847 four four CD 2848 2850 of of IN 2851 2854 six six CD 2855 2866 individuals individual NNS 2867 2870 who who WP 2871 2880 displayed display VBD 2881 2889 impaired impaired JJ 2890 2898 NFkappaB NFkappaB NNP 2899 2907 activity activity NN 2908 2913 prior prior RB 2914 2916 to to TO 2917 2924 therapy therapy NN 2924 2925 . . . 2926 2934 Moreover moreover RB 2934 2935 , , , 2936 2944 impaired impaired JJ 2945 2955 activation activation NN 2956 2958 of of IN 2959 2967 NFkappaB NFkappaB NNP 2968 2972 does do VBZ 2973 2976 not not RB 2977 2983 appear appear VB 2984 2990 linked link VBN 2991 2993 to to TO 2994 2995 a a DT 2996 3005 reduction reduction NN 3006 3008 of of IN 3009 3016 TCRzeta TCRzeta NNP 3017 3027 expression expression NN 3027 3028 , , , 3029 3036 because because IN 3037 3039 in in IN 3040 3044 five five CD 3045 3053 patients patient NNS 3053 3054 , , , 3055 3061 normal normal JJ 3062 3069 TCRzeta TCRzeta NNP 3070 3076 levels level NNS 3077 3081 were be VBD 3082 3089 present present JJ 3090 3098 although although IN 3099 3105 kappaB kappab NN 3106 3113 binding binding NN 3114 3117 was be VBD 3118 3121 not not RB 3122 3131 inducible inducible JJ 3131 3132 . . . 3133 3135 In in IN 3136 3139 the the DT 3140 3148 majority majority NN 3149 3151 of of IN 3152 3160 patients patient NNS 3161 3165 with with IN 3166 3174 advanced advance VBN 3175 3178 RCC RCC NNP 3178 3179 , , , 3180 3190 peripheral peripheral JJ 3191 3196 blood blood NN 3197 3198 T t NN 3199 3204 cells cell NNS 3205 3212 express express VBP 3213 3220 TCRzeta TCRzeta NNP 3221 3224 and and CC 3225 3233 p56(lck) p56(lck) NNP 3233 3234 , , , 3235 3238 and and CC 3239 3241 in in IN 3242 3243 a a DT 3244 3250 subset subset NN 3250 3251 , , , 3252 3259 reduced reduce VBD 3260 3266 levels level NNS 3267 3269 of of IN 3270 3275 these these DT 3276 3283 TCRzeta TCRzeta NNP 3284 3294 associated associated JJ 3295 3304 molecules molecule NNS 3305 3308 are be VBP 3309 3313 seen see VBN 3314 3318 that that WDT 3319 3322 may may MD 3323 3331 increase increase VB 3332 3338 during during IN 3339 3353 cytokine-based cytokine-based JJ 3354 3361 therapy therapy NN 3361 3362 . . . 3363 3371 Abnormal abnormal JJ 3372 3382 activation activation NN 3383 3385 of of IN 3386 3394 NFkappaB NFkappaB NNP 3395 3397 is be VBZ 3398 3402 also also RB 3403 3410 present present JJ 3411 3413 in in IN 3414 3417 >50 >50 CD 3417 3418 % % NN 3419 3421 of of IN 3422 3430 patients patient NNS 3431 3434 and and CC 3435 3438 may may MD 3439 3443 also also RB 3444 3450 revert revert VB 3451 3453 to to TO 3454 3460 normal normal JJ 3461 3467 during during IN 3468 3476 IL-2/IFN il-2/ifn NN 3477 3488 alpha-based alpha-based JJ 3489 3498 treatment treatment NN 3498 3499 . . . 3500 3504 This this DT 3505 3515 alteration alteration NN 3516 3518 in in IN 3519 3527 NFkappaB NFkappaB NNP 3528 3538 activation activation NN 3539 3547 occurred occur VBD 3548 3550 in in IN 3551 3554 the the DT 3555 3563 presence presence NN 3564 3566 of of IN 3567 3573 normal normal JJ 3574 3584 expression expression NN 3585 3587 of of IN 3588 3606 TCRzeta-associated tcrzeta-associated JJ 3607 3616 signaling signaling NN 3617 3625 elements element NNS 3625 3626 . . . 3627 3630 The the DT 3631 3639 clinical clinical JJ 3640 3652 significance significance NN 3653 3655 of of IN 3656 3661 these these DT 3662 3670 findings finding NNS 3671 3678 remains remain VBZ 3679 3686 unclear unclear JJ 3686 3687 . . .