0 12 Constitutive constitutive JJ 13 23 activation activation NN 24 26 of of IN 27 29 an an DT 30 40 epithelial epithelial JJ 41 47 signal signal NN 48 58 transducer transducer NN 59 62 and and CC 63 72 activator activator NN 73 75 of of IN 76 89 transcription transcription NN 90 91 ( ( ( 91 95 STAT STAT NNP 95 96 ) ) ) 97 104 pathway pathway NN 105 107 in in IN 108 114 asthma asthma NN 114 115 . . . 117 125 Cytokine Cytokine NNP 126 133 effects effect NNS 134 136 on on IN 137 145 immunity immunity NN 146 149 and and CC 150 162 inflammation inflammation NN 163 168 often often RB 169 175 depend depend VBP 176 178 on on IN 179 182 the the DT 183 196 transcription transcription NN 197 204 factors factor NNS 205 211 termed term VBN 212 218 signal signal NN 219 230 transducers transducer NNS 231 234 and and CC 235 245 activators activator NNS 246 248 of of IN 249 262 transcription transcription NN 263 264 ( ( ( 264 269 STATs STAT NNP 269 270 ) ) ) 270 271 , , , 272 274 so so RB 275 279 STAT stat NN 280 289 signaling signaling NN 290 298 pathways pathway NNS 299 302 are be VBP 303 313 candidates candidate NNS 314 317 for for IN 318 329 influencing influence VBG 330 342 inflammatory inflammatory JJ 343 350 disease disease NN 350 351 . . . 352 354 We we PRP 355 363 reasoned reason VBD 364 368 that that IN 369 378 selective selective JJ 379 382 IFN ifn NN 383 397 responsiveness responsiveness NN 398 400 of of IN 401 404 the the DT 405 410 first first JJ 411 415 STAT STAT NNP 416 422 family family NN 423 429 member member NN 430 431 ( ( ( 431 436 Stat1 Stat1 NNP 436 437 ) ) ) 438 441 and and CC 442 457 Stat1-dependent stat1-dependent JJ 458 473 immune-response immune-response JJ 474 479 genes gene NNS 480 484 such such JJ 485 487 as as IN 488 501 intercellular intercellular JJ 502 510 adhesion adhesion NN 511 521 molecule-1 molecule-1 NN 522 523 ( ( ( 523 529 ICAM-1 icam-1 NN 529 530 ) ) ) 530 531 , , , 532 535 IFN ifn NN 536 546 regulatory regulatory JJ 547 555 factor-1 factor-1 NN 556 557 ( ( ( 557 562 IRF-1 irf-1 NN 562 563 ) ) ) 563 564 , , , 565 568 and and CC 569 574 Stat1 stat1 NN 575 581 itself itself PRP 582 584 in in IN 585 591 airway airway NN 592 602 epithelial epithelial JJ 603 608 cells cell NNS 609 617 provides provide VBZ 618 619 a a DT 620 625 basis basis NN 626 629 for for IN 630 639 detecting detect VBG 640 648 cytokine cytokine NN 649 658 signaling signaling NN 659 672 abnormalities abnormality NNS 673 675 in in IN 676 688 inflammatory inflammatory JJ 689 695 airway airway NN 696 703 disease disease NN 703 704 . . . 705 707 On on IN 708 711 the the DT 712 717 basis basis NN 718 720 of of IN 721 728 nuclear nuclear JJ 729 741 localization localization NN 742 745 and and CC 746 761 phosphorylation phosphorylation NN 761 762 , , , 763 765 we we PRP 766 771 found find VBD 772 776 that that IN 777 787 epithelial epithelial JJ 788 793 Stat1 stat1 NN 794 795 ( ( ( 795 798 but but CC 799 802 not not RB 803 808 other other JJ 809 816 control control NN 817 830 transcription transcription NN 831 838 factors factor NNS 838 839 ) ) ) 840 843 was be VBD 844 854 invariably invariably RB 855 864 activated activate VBN 865 867 in in IN 868 877 asthmatic asthmatic JJ 878 886 compared compare VBN 887 891 with with IN 892 898 normal normal JJ 899 906 control control JJ 907 909 or or CC 910 917 chronic chronic JJ 918 928 bronchitis bronchitis NN 929 937 subjects subject NNS 937 938 . . . 939 950 Furthermore furthermore RB 950 951 , , , 952 962 epithelial epithelial JJ 963 969 levels level NNS 970 972 of of IN 973 982 activated activate VBN 983 988 Stat1 stat1 NN 989 999 correlated correlate VBD 1000 1004 with with IN 1005 1011 levels level NNS 1012 1014 of of IN 1015 1025 expression expression NN 1026 1029 for for IN 1030 1040 epithelial epithelial JJ 1041 1047 ICAM-1 icam-1 NN 1047 1048 , , , 1049 1054 IRF-1 IRF-1 NNP 1054 1055 , , , 1056 1059 and and CC 1060 1065 Stat1 Stat1 NNP 1065 1066 , , , 1067 1070 and and CC 1071 1073 in in IN 1074 1078 turn turn NN 1078 1079 , , , 1080 1086 ICAM-1 icam-1 NN 1087 1093 levels level NNS 1094 1104 correlated correlate VBD 1105 1109 with with IN 1110 1116 T-cell t-cell NN 1117 1129 accumulation accumulation NN 1130 1132 in in IN 1133 1139 tissue tissue NN 1139 1140 . . . 1141 1148 However however RB 1148 1149 , , , 1150 1154 only only RB 1155 1158 low low JJ 1159 1165 levels level NNS 1166 1168 of of IN 1169 1178 IFN-gamma IFN-gamma NNP 1179 1181 or or CC 1182 1201 IFN-gamma-producing ifn-gamma-producing JJ 1202 1207 cells cell NNS 1208 1212 were be VBD 1213 1221 detected detect VBN 1222 1224 in in IN 1225 1231 airway airway NN 1232 1238 tissue tissue NN 1239 1241 in in IN 1242 1245 all all DT 1246 1254 subjects subject NNS 1254 1255 . . . 1256 1259 The the DT 1260 1267 results result NNS 1268 1277 therefore therefore RB 1278 1285 provide provide VBP 1286 1293 initial initial JJ 1294 1302 evidence evidence NN 1303 1310 linking link VBG 1311 1319 abnormal abnormal JJ 1320 1328 behavior behavior NN 1329 1331 of of IN 1332 1336 STAT stat NN 1337 1345 pathways pathway NNS 1346 1349 for for IN 1350 1358 cytokine cytokine NN 1359 1368 signaling signaling NN 1369 1371 to to TO 1372 1375 the the DT 1376 1387 development development NN 1388 1390 of of IN 1391 1393 an an DT 1394 1406 inflammatory inflammatory JJ 1407 1414 disease disease NN 1414 1415 . . . 1416 1418 In in IN 1419 1423 that that DT 1424 1431 context context NN 1431 1432 , , , 1433 1436 the the DT 1437 1444 results result NNS 1445 1449 also also RB 1450 1456 change change VBP 1457 1460 the the DT 1461 1468 current current JJ 1469 1475 scheme scheme NN 1476 1479 for for IN 1480 1486 asthma asthma NN 1487 1499 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN 1500 1502 to to TO 1503 1506 one one CD 1507 1511 that that WDT 1512 1516 must must MD 1517 1524 include include VB 1525 1526 a a DT 1527 1536 localized localized JJ 1537 1541 gain gain NN 1542 1544 in in IN 1545 1560 transcriptional transcriptional JJ 1561 1567 signal signal NN 1568 1578 ordinarily ordinarily RB 1579 1583 used use VBN 1584 1587 for for IN 1588 1589 a a DT 1590 1591 T t NN 1592 1598 helper helper NN 1599 1605 1-type 1-type JJ 1606 1614 cytokine cytokine NN 1615 1616 ( ( ( 1616 1625 IFN-gamma IFN-gamma NNP 1625 1626 ) ) ) 1627 1629 in in IN 1630 1641 combination combination NN 1642 1646 with with IN 1647 1661 allergy-driven allergy-driven JJ 1662 1676 overproduction overproduction NN 1677 1679 of of IN 1680 1681 T t NN 1682 1688 helper helper NN 1689 1695 2-type 2-type JJ 1696 1705 cytokines cytokine NNS 1705 1706 . . .