0 5 Tumor tumor NN 6 14 necrosis necrosis NN 15 21 factor factor NN 22 27 alpha alpha NN 28 37 decreases decrease VBZ 37 38 , , , 39 42 and and CC 43 57 interleukin-10 interleukin-10 NN 58 67 increases increase NNS 67 68 , , , 69 72 the the DT 73 84 sensitivity sensitivity NN 85 87 of of IN 88 93 human human JJ 94 103 monocytes monocyte NNS 104 106 to to TO 107 120 dexamethasone dexamethasone NN 120 121 : : : 122 131 potential potential JJ 132 142 regulation regulation NN 143 145 of of IN 146 149 the the DT 150 164 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NN 165 173 receptor receptor NN 173 174 . . . 176 186 Resistance resistance NN 187 189 to to TO 190 204 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NN 205 212 therapy therapy NN 213 216 has have VBZ 217 221 been be VBN 222 230 observed observe VBN 231 233 in in IN 234 242 patients patient NNS 243 247 with with IN 248 271 autoimmune/inflammatory autoimmune/inflammatory JJ 272 280 diseases disease NNS 281 284 and and CC 285 288 may may MD 289 291 be be VB 292 299 related related JJ 300 302 to to TO 303 306 the the DT 307 319 inflammatory inflammatory JJ 320 327 process process NN 328 334 itself itself PRP 334 335 . . . 336 339 The the DT 340 343 aim aim NN 344 346 of of IN 347 351 this this DT 352 357 study study NN 358 361 was be VBD 362 364 to to TO 365 372 examine examine VB 373 376 the the DT 377 384 ability ability NN 385 387 of of IN 388 393 tumor tumor NN 394 402 necrosis necrosis NN 403 409 factor factor NN 410 415 alpha alpha NN 416 417 ( ( ( 417 425 TNFalpha TNFalpha NNP 425 426 , , , 427 428 a a DT 429 444 proinflammatory proinflammatory JJ 445 453 cytokine cytokine NN 453 454 ) ) ) 455 458 and and CC 459 470 interleukin interleukin NN 471 472 ( ( ( 472 478 IL)-10 IL)-10 NNP 479 480 ( ( ( 480 482 an an DT 483 500 anti-inflammatory anti-inflammatory JJ 501 509 cytokine cytokine NN 509 510 ) ) ) 511 513 to to TO 514 528 differentially differentially RB 529 537 regulate regulate VB 538 541 the the DT 542 553 sensitivity sensitivity NN 554 556 of of IN 557 562 human human JJ 563 584 monocytes/macrophages monocytes/macrophage NNS 585 587 to to TO 588 603 glucocorticoids glucocorticoid NNS 603 604 . . . 605 607 To to TO 608 618 accomplish accomplish VB 619 623 this this DT 623 624 , , , 625 627 we we PRP 628 633 first first RB 634 642 analyzed analyze VBD 643 646 the the DT 647 654 pattern pattern NN 655 657 of of IN 658 666 TNFalpha TNFalpha NNP 667 670 and and CC 671 676 IL-10 IL-10 NNP 677 687 inhibition inhibition NN 688 690 by by IN 691 704 dexamethasone dexamethasone NN 705 707 in in IN 708 722 LPS-stimulated lps-stimulated JJ 723 734 whole-blood whole-blood JJ 735 739 cell cell NN 740 748 cultures culture NNS 748 749 . . . 750 756 Second second RB 756 757 , , , 758 760 we we PRP 761 768 studied study VBD 769 772 the the DT 773 783 modulation modulation NN 784 786 of of IN 787 790 the the DT 791 802 sensitivity sensitivity NN 803 805 of of IN 806 811 these these DT 812 817 cells cell NNS 818 820 to to TO 821 834 dexamethasone dexamethasone NN 835 837 by by IN 838 851 preincubation preincubation NN 852 856 with with IN 857 865 TNFalpha TNFalpha NNP 866 868 or or CC 869 874 IL-10 IL-10 NNP 875 878 and and CC 879 890 measurement measurement NN 891 893 of of IN 894 908 LPS-stimulated lps-stimulated JJ 909 913 IL-6 il-6 NN 914 923 secretion secretion NN 923 924 . . . 925 927 In in IN 928 936 addition addition NN 936 937 , , , 938 940 we we PRP 941 950 evaluated evaluate VBD 951 954 the the DT 955 961 effect effect NN 962 964 of of IN 965 978 dexamethasone dexamethasone NN 979 981 on on IN 982 1017 phorbolmyristate-acetate-stimulated phorbolmyristate-acetate-stimulated JJ 1018 1022 IL-1 il-1 NN 1023 1031 receptor receptor NN 1032 1042 antagonist antagonist NN 1043 1052 secretion secretion NN 1053 1055 by by IN 1056 1059 the the DT 1060 1065 human human JJ 1066 1075 monocytic monocytic JJ 1076 1080 cell cell NN 1081 1085 line line NN 1086 1090 U937 u937 NN 1090 1091 . . . 1092 1099 Finally finally RB 1099 1100 , , , 1101 1103 we we PRP 1104 1116 investigated investigate VBD 1117 1124 whether whether IN 1125 1128 the the DT 1129 1139 modulation modulation NN 1140 1142 of of IN 1143 1161 corticosensitivity corticosensitivity NN 1162 1164 in in IN 1165 1174 TNFalpha- tnfalpha- NN 1175 1178 and and CC 1179 1195 IL-10-pretreated il-10-pretreated JJ 1196 1200 U937 u937 NN 1201 1206 cells cell NNS 1207 1210 was be VBD 1211 1218 related relate VBN 1219 1221 to to TO 1222 1223 a a DT 1224 1230 change change NN 1231 1233 of of IN 1234 1237 the the DT 1238 1252 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NN 1253 1261 receptor receptor NN 1262 1275 concentration concentration NN 1276 1279 and and CC 1280 1288 affinity affinity NN 1288 1289 . . . 1290 1303 Dexamethasone Dexamethasone NNP 1304 1307 had have VBD 1308 1317 different different JJ 1318 1325 effects effect NNS 1326 1328 on on IN 1329 1340 LPS-induced lps-induced JJ 1341 1349 TNFalpha TNFalpha NNP 1350 1353 and and CC 1354 1359 IL-10 IL-10 NNP 1360 1369 secretion secretion NN 1369 1370 ; ; : 1371 1378 whereas whereas IN 1379 1381 it it PRP 1382 1392 suppressed suppress VBD 1393 1401 TNFalpha TNFalpha NNP 1402 1404 in in IN 1405 1406 a a DT 1407 1421 dose-dependent dose-dependent JJ 1422 1429 fashion fashion NN 1429 1430 , , , 1431 1434 its its PRP$ 1435 1441 effect effect NN 1442 1444 on on IN 1445 1450 IL-10 IL-10 NNP 1451 1460 secretion secretion NN 1461 1464 was be VBD 1465 1473 biphasic biphasic JJ 1473 1474 , , , 1475 1484 producing produce VBG 1485 1496 stimulation stimulation NN 1497 1499 at at IN 1500 1505 lower low JJR 1505 1506 , , , 1507 1510 and and CC 1511 1521 inhibition inhibition NN 1522 1524 at at IN 1525 1531 higher high JJR 1532 1537 doses dose NNS 1537 1538 . . . 1539 1542 The the DT 1543 1556 concentration concentration NN 1557 1559 of of IN 1560 1563 LPS lps NN 1564 1572 employed employ VBN 1573 1583 influenced influence VBD 1584 1587 the the DT 1588 1594 effect effect NN 1595 1597 of of IN 1598 1611 dexamethasone dexamethasone NN 1612 1614 on on IN 1615 1620 IL-10 IL-10 NNP 1621 1630 secretion secretion NN 1631 1632 ( ( ( 1632 1633 P p NN 1634 1635 < < SYM 1636 1641 0.001 0.001 CD 1641 1642 ) ) ) 1642 1643 . . . 1644 1656 Pretreatment Pretreatment NNP 1657 1661 with with IN 1662 1670 TNFalpha TNFalpha NNP 1671 1681 diminished diminish VBD 1681 1682 , , , 1683 1686 and and CC 1687 1691 with with IN 1692 1697 IL-10 IL-10 NNP 1698 1706 improved improve VBD 1706 1707 , , , 1708 1711 the the DT 1712 1719 ability ability NN 1720 1722 of of IN 1723 1736 dexamethasone dexamethasone NN 1737 1739 to to TO 1740 1748 suppress suppress VB 1749 1753 IL-6 il-6 NN 1754 1763 secretion secretion NN 1764 1766 in in IN 1767 1778 whole-blood whole-blood JJ 1779 1783 cell cell NN 1784 1792 cultures culture NNS 1793 1794 ( ( ( 1794 1795 P p NN 1796 1797 < < JJR 1798 1802 0.01 0.01 CD 1803 1806 for for IN 1807 1811 both both DT 1811 1812 ) ) ) 1813 1816 and and CC 1817 1819 to to TO 1820 1827 enhance enhance VB 1828 1832 IL-1 il-1 NN 1833 1841 receptor receptor NN 1842 1852 antagonist antagonist NN 1853 1862 secretion secretion NN 1863 1865 by by IN 1866 1870 U937 u937 NN 1871 1876 cells cell NNS 1877 1878 ( ( ( 1878 1879 P p NN 1880 1881 < < JJR 1882 1886 0.05 0.05 CD 1887 1890 for for IN 1891 1895 both both DT 1895 1896 ) ) ) 1896 1897 . . . 1898 1906 TNFalpha TNFalpha NNP 1907 1916 decreased decrease VBD 1917 1918 ( ( ( 1918 1919 P p NN 1920 1921 < < SYM 1922 1927 0.001 0.001 CD 1927 1928 ) ) ) 1928 1929 , , , 1930 1935 while while IN 1936 1941 IL-10 IL-10 NNP 1942 1951 increased increase VBD 1952 1953 ( ( ( 1953 1954 P p NN 1955 1956 < < SYM 1957 1962 0.001 0.001 CD 1962 1963 ) ) ) 1963 1964 , , , 1965 1968 the the DT 1969 1982 concentration concentration NN 1983 1985 of of IN 1986 1999 dexamethasone dexamethasone NN 2000 2007 binding binding NN 2008 2013 sites site NNS 2014 2016 in in IN 2017 2022 these these DT 2023 2028 cells cell NNS 2028 2029 , , , 2030 2034 with with IN 2035 2037 no no DT 2038 2049 discernible discernible JJ 2050 2056 effect effect NN 2057 2059 on on IN 2060 2065 their their PRP$ 2066 2073 binding binding NN 2074 2082 affinity affinity NN 2082 2083 . . . 2084 2086 We we PRP 2087 2095 conclude conclude VBP 2096 2100 that that IN 2101 2116 glucocorticoids glucocorticoid NNS 2117 2131 differentially differentially RB 2132 2140 modulate modulate VBP 2141 2149 TNFalpha TNFalpha NNP 2150 2153 and and CC 2154 2159 IL-10 IL-10 NNP 2160 2169 secretion secretion NN 2170 2172 by by IN 2173 2178 human human JJ 2179 2188 monocytes monocyte NNS 2189 2191 in in IN 2192 2193 a a DT 2194 2197 LPS LPS NNP 2198 2212 dose-dependent dose-dependent JJ 2213 2220 fashion fashion NN 2221 2224 and and CC 2225 2229 that that IN 2230 2233 the the DT 2234 2245 sensitivity sensitivity NN 2246 2248 of of IN 2249 2254 these these DT 2255 2260 cells cell NNS 2261 2263 to to TO 2264 2279 glucocorticoids glucocorticoid NNS 2280 2282 is be VBZ 2283 2290 altered alter VBN 2291 2293 by by IN 2294 2302 TNFalpha TNFalpha NNP 2303 2305 or or CC 2306 2311 IL-10 IL-10 NNP 2312 2324 pretreatment pretreatment NN 2324 2325 ; ; : 2326 2334 TNFalpha TNFalpha NNP 2335 2341 blocks block VBZ 2342 2347 their their PRP$ 2348 2355 effects effect NNS 2355 2356 , , , 2357 2364 whereas whereas IN 2365 2370 IL-10 IL-10 NNP 2371 2375 acts act VBZ 2376 2391 synergistically synergistically RB 2392 2396 with with IN 2397 2412 glucocorticoids glucocorticoid NNS 2412 2413 . . . 2414 2418 This this DT 2419 2421 is be VBZ 2422 2433 accompanied accompany VBN 2434 2436 by by IN 2437 2445 opposite opposite JJ 2446 2460 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NN 2461 2469 receptor receptor NN 2470 2477 changes change NNS 2477 2478 , , , 2479 2491 respectively respectively RB 2492 2500 opposing oppose VBG 2501 2504 and and CC 2505 2513 favoring favor VBG 2514 2528 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NN 2529 2536 actions action NNS 2536 2537 . . . 2538 2542 This this DT 2543 2548 study study NN 2549 2557 suggests suggest VBZ 2558 2562 that that IN 2563 2566 the the DT 2567 2574 pattern pattern NN 2575 2577 of of IN 2578 2599 pro-/antiinflammatory pro-/antiinflammatory JJ 2600 2608 cytokine cytokine NN 2609 2618 secretion secretion NN 2619 2622 may may MD 2623 2628 alter alter VB 2629 2632 the the DT 2633 2641 response response NN 2642 2644 of of IN 2645 2653 patients patient NNS 2654 2656 to to TO 2657 2671 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NN 2672 2679 therapy therapy NN 2679 2680 . . .