0 9 Molecular molecular JJ 10 20 mechanisms mechanism NNS 21 23 of of IN 24 31 steroid steroid NN 32 38 action action NN 38 39 : : : 40 41 a a DT 42 47 novel novel JJ 48 52 type type NN 53 55 of of IN 56 66 cross-talk cross-talk NN 67 74 between between IN 75 90 glucocorticoids glucocorticoid NNS 91 94 and and CC 95 103 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 104 105 B B NNP 106 119 transcription transcription NN 120 127 factors factor NNS 127 128 . . . 130 137 Despite despite IN 138 141 the the DT 142 152 widespread widespread JJ 153 156 use use NN 157 159 of of IN 160 175 glucocorticoids glucocorticoid NNS 176 178 in in IN 179 182 the the DT 183 192 treatment treatment NN 193 195 of of IN 196 204 diseases disease NNS 205 218 characterized characterize VBN 219 221 by by IN 222 234 inflammation inflammation NN 234 235 , , , 236 239 the the DT 240 249 molecular molecular JJ 250 262 mechanism(s) mechanism(s) NN 263 265 by by IN 266 271 which which WDT 272 277 these these DT 278 286 hormones hormone NNS 287 292 exert exert VBP 293 297 this this DT 298 308 beneficial beneficial JJ 309 315 effect effect NN 316 318 in in IN 319 327 patients patient NNS 328 332 with with IN 333 339 asthma asthma NN 340 347 remains remain VBZ 348 350 to to TO 351 353 be be VB 354 364 elucidated elucidate VBN 364 365 . . . 366 375 Therefore therefore RB 375 376 , , , 377 379 we we PRP 380 384 have have VBP 385 392 studied study VBN 393 396 the the DT 397 412 transcriptional transcriptional JJ 413 423 regulation regulation NN 424 426 of of IN 427 440 intercellular intercellular JJ 441 449 adhesion adhesion NN 450 460 molecule-1 molecule-1 NN 461 462 ( ( ( 462 468 ICAM-1 icam-1 NN 468 469 ) ) ) 470 472 as as IN 473 481 adhesion adhesion NN 482 491 molecules molecule NNS 492 495 are be VBP 496 502 likely likely JJ 503 505 to to TO 506 510 play play VB 511 512 a a DT 513 519 causal causal JJ 520 524 role role NN 525 527 in in IN 528 540 inflammation inflammation NN 541 543 in in IN 544 553 promoting promote VBG 554 563 cell-cell cell-cell JJ 564 567 and and CC 568 579 cell-matrix cell-matrix JJ 580 592 interactions interaction NNS 592 593 . . . 594 596 We we PRP 597 605 observed observe VBD 606 610 that that IN 611 613 in in IN 614 615 a a DT 616 625 monocytic monocytic JJ 626 627 ( ( ( 627 631 U937 u937 NN 631 632 ) ) ) 633 636 and and CC 637 638 a a DT 639 648 bronchial bronchial JJ 649 659 epithelial epithelial JJ 660 661 ( ( ( 661 665 H292 h292 NN 665 666 ) ) ) 667 676 cell-line cell-line JJ 677 690 dexamethasone dexamethasone NN 691 699 strongly strongly RB 700 710 suppressed suppress VBD 711 716 basal basal JJ 717 720 and and CC 721 728 induced induce VBN 729 735 ICAM-1 icam-1 NN 736 746 expression expression NN 746 747 . . . 748 758 Subsequent subsequent JJ 759 767 analysis analysis NN 768 770 of of IN 771 774 the the DT 775 780 human human JJ 781 787 ICAM-1 icam-1 NN 788 796 promoter promoter NN 797 800 has have VBZ 801 809 revealed reveal VBN 810 814 that that IN 815 819 both both CC 820 845 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol NNP 846 856 13-acetate 13-acetate NN 857 858 ( ( ( 858 861 TPA TPA NNP 861 862 ) ) ) 863 866 and and CC 867 873 tumour tumour NN 874 882 necrosis necrosis NN 883 895 factor-alpha factor-alpha NN 896 897 ( ( ( 897 906 TNF-alpha TNF-alpha NNP 906 907 ) ) ) 908 918 upregulate upregulate VBP 919 925 ICAM-1 icam-1 NN 926 936 expression expression NN 937 944 through through IN 945 948 the the DT 949 957 presence presence NN 958 960 of of IN 961 962 a a DT 963 970 nuclear nuclear JJ 971 977 factor factor NN 978 979 ( ( ( 979 987 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 988 989 B B NNP 989 990 ) ) ) 991 997 target target NN 998 1006 sequence sequence NN 1007 1008 ( ( ( 1008 1018 TGGAAATTCC TGGAAATTCC NNP 1018 1019 ) ) ) 1019 1020 . . . 1021 1023 No no DT 1024 1038 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NN 1039 1050 recognition recognition NN 1051 1060 sequences sequence NNS 1061 1064 are be VBP 1065 1072 present present JJ 1073 1075 in in IN 1076 1080 this this DT 1081 1089 promoter promoter NN 1090 1096 region region NN 1097 1100 and and CC 1101 1114 dexamethasone dexamethasone NN 1115 1117 is be VBZ 1118 1123 still still RB 1124 1128 able able JJ 1129 1131 to to TO 1132 1139 repress repress VB 1140 1153 transcription transcription NN 1154 1158 when when WRB 1159 1162 the the DT 1163 1175 multimerized multimerized JJ 1176 1184 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 1185 1186 B B NNP 1187 1195 sequence sequence NN 1196 1198 is be VBZ 1199 1213 transactivated transactivate VBN 1214 1216 by by IN 1217 1226 TNF-alpha TNF-alpha NNP 1227 1231 upon upon IN 1232 1244 transfection transfection NN 1245 1247 in in IN 1248 1251 293 293 CD 1252 1257 cells cell NNS 1257 1258 . . . 1259 1261 We we PRP 1262 1269 propose propose VBP 1270 1274 that that IN 1275 1281 direct direct JJ 1282 1293 interaction interaction NN 1294 1301 between between IN 1302 1305 the the DT 1306 1320 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NN 1321 1329 receptor receptor NN 1330 1333 and and CC 1334 1341 nuclear nuclear JJ 1342 1354 factor-kappa factor-kappa NN 1355 1356 B b NN 1357 1364 factors factor NNS 1365 1367 is be VBZ 1368 1370 at at IN 1371 1376 least least JJS 1377 1378 a a DT 1379 1386 partial partial JJ 1387 1398 explanation explanation NN 1399 1402 for for IN 1403 1406 the the DT 1407 1414 effects effect NNS 1415 1417 of of IN 1418 1422 this this DT 1423 1430 hormone hormone NN 1431 1433 in in IN 1434 1446 inflammatory inflammatory JJ 1447 1455 diseases disease NNS 1455 1456 . . .