0 14 Anti-rheumatic anti-rheumatic JJ 15 23 compound compound NN 24 39 aurothioglucose aurothioglucose NN 40 48 inhibits inhibit VBZ 49 54 tumor tumor NN 55 63 necrosis necrosis NN 64 84 factor-alpha-induced factor-alpha-induced JJ 85 90 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP 91 102 replication replication NN 103 105 in in IN 106 114 latently latently RB 115 123 infected infected JJ 124 130 OM10.1 om10.1 NN 131 134 and and CC 135 139 Ach2 ach2 NN 140 145 cells cell NNS 145 146 . . . 148 157 NF-kappaB NF-kappaB NNP 158 160 is be VBZ 161 162 a a DT 163 169 potent potent JJ 170 178 cellular cellular JJ 179 188 activator activator NN 189 191 of of IN 192 197 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP 198 202 gene gene NN 203 213 expression expression NN 213 214 . . . 215 230 Down-regulation down-regulation NN 231 233 of of IN 234 243 NF-kappaB NF-kappaB NNP 244 254 activation activation NN 255 257 is be VBZ 258 263 known know VBN 264 266 to to TO 267 274 inhibit inhibit VB 275 278 HIV HIV NNP 279 290 replication replication NN 291 295 from from IN 296 299 the the DT 300 308 latently latently RB 309 317 infected infected JJ 318 323 cells cell NNS 323 324 . . . 325 329 Gold Gold NNP 330 339 compounds compound NNS 340 344 have have VBP 345 349 been be VBN 350 361 effectively effectively RB 362 366 used use VBN 367 370 for for IN 371 375 many many JJ 376 383 decades decade NNS 384 386 in in IN 387 390 the the DT 391 400 treatment treatment NN 401 403 of of IN 404 414 rheumatoid rheumatoid JJ 415 424 arthritis arthritis NN 424 425 . . . 426 428 We we PRP 429 439 previously previously RB 440 448 reported report VBD 449 453 that that IN 454 458 gold gold NN 459 468 compounds compound NNS 468 469 , , , 470 480 especially especially RB 481 496 aurothioglucose aurothioglucose NN 497 498 ( ( ( 498 502 AuTG AuTG NNP 502 503 ) ) ) 504 514 containing contain VBG 515 525 monovalent monovalent JJ 526 530 gold gold NN 531 534 ion ion NN 534 535 , , , 536 545 inhibited inhibit VBD 546 549 the the DT 550 561 DNA-binding dna-binding NN 562 564 of of IN 565 574 NF-kappaB NF-kappaB NNP 575 577 in in FW 578 583 vitro vitro FW 583 584 . . . 585 587 In in IN 588 592 this this DT 593 599 report report NN 600 602 we we PRP 603 607 have have VBP 608 616 examined examine VBN 617 620 the the DT 621 629 efficacy efficacy NN 630 632 of of IN 633 636 the the DT 637 641 gold gold NN 642 650 compound compound NN 651 655 AuTG autg NN 656 658 as as IN 659 661 an an DT 662 671 inhibitor inhibitor NN 672 674 of of IN 675 678 HIV HIV NNP 679 690 replication replication NN 691 693 in in IN 694 702 latently latently RB 703 711 infected infected JJ 712 718 OM10.1 om10.1 NN 719 722 and and CC 723 727 Ach2 ach2 NN 728 733 cells cell NNS 733 734 . . . 735 740 Tumor tumor NN 741 749 necrosis necrosis NN 750 756 factor factor NN 757 758 ( ( ( 758 776 TNF)-alpha-induced tnf)-alpha-induced JJ 777 782 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP 783 794 replication replication NN 795 797 in in IN 798 804 OM10.1 OM10.1 NNP 805 807 or or CC 808 812 Ach2 ach2 NN 813 818 cells cell NNS 819 822 was be VBD 823 836 significantly significantly RB 837 846 inhibited inhibit VBN 847 849 by by IN 850 863 non-cytotoxic non-cytotoxic JJ 864 869 doses dose NNS 870 872 of of IN 873 877 AuTG AuTG NNP 878 879 ( ( ( 879 882 >10 >10 CD 883 889 microM microM NNP 890 892 in in IN 893 899 OM10.1 om10.1 NN 900 905 cells cell NNS 906 909 and and CC 910 913 >25 >25 CD 914 917 F.M f.m NN 918 920 in in IN 921 925 Ach2 ach2 NN 926 931 cells cell NNS 931 932 ) ) ) 932 933 , , , 934 939 while while IN 940 942 25 25 CD 943 949 microM microm NN 950 952 of of IN 953 956 the the DT 957 970 counter-anion counter-anion NN 971 982 thioglucose thioglucose NN 983 984 ( ( ( 984 986 TG TG NNP 986 987 ) ) ) 988 990 or or CC 991 995 gold gold NN 996 1004 compound compound NN 1005 1015 containing contain VBG 1016 1024 divalent divalent JJ 1025 1029 gold gold NN 1030 1033 ion ion NN 1033 1034 , , , 1035 1041 HAuCl3 HAuCl3 NNP 1041 1042 , , , 1043 1046 had have VBD 1047 1049 no no DT 1050 1056 effect effect NN 1056 1057 . . . 1058 1061 The the DT 1062 1068 effect effect NN 1069 1071 of of IN 1072 1076 AuTG AuTG NNP 1077 1079 on on IN 1080 1099 NF-kappaB-dependent nf-kappab-dependent JJ 1100 1104 gene gene NN 1105 1115 expression expression NN 1116 1119 was be VBD 1120 1129 confirmed confirm VBN 1130 1132 by by IN 1133 1134 a a DT 1135 1144 transient transient JJ 1145 1148 CAT CAT NNP 1149 1154 assay assay NN 1154 1155 . . . 1156 1164 Specific specific JJ 1165 1173 staining staining NN 1174 1176 as as RB 1177 1181 well well RB 1182 1184 as as IN 1185 1193 electron electron NN 1194 1205 microscopic microscopic JJ 1206 1218 examinations examination NNS 1219 1227 revealed reveal VBD 1228 1231 the the DT 1232 1244 accumulation accumulation NN 1245 1247 of of IN 1248 1253 metal metal NN 1254 1258 gold gold NN 1259 1261 in in IN 1262 1265 the the DT 1266 1271 cells cell NNS 1271 1272 , , , 1273 1283 supporting support VBG 1284 1287 our our PRP$ 1288 1296 previous previous JJ 1297 1307 hypothesis hypothesis NN 1308 1312 that that IN 1313 1317 gold gold NN 1318 1322 ions ion NNS 1323 1328 could could MD 1329 1334 block block VB 1335 1348 NF-kappaB-DNA nf-kappab-dna NN 1349 1356 binding binding NN 1357 1359 by by IN 1360 1361 a a DT 1362 1367 redox redox NN 1368 1377 mechanism mechanism NN 1377 1378 . . . 1379 1384 These these DT 1385 1397 observations observation NNS 1398 1406 indicate indicate VBP 1407 1411 that that IN 1412 1415 the the DT 1416 1426 monovalent monovalent JJ 1427 1431 gold gold NN 1432 1440 compound compound NN 1441 1445 AuTG AuTG NNP 1446 1448 is be VBZ 1449 1450 a a DT 1451 1462 potentially potentially RB 1463 1469 useful useful JJ 1470 1474 drug drug NN 1475 1478 for for IN 1479 1482 the the DT 1483 1492 treatment treatment NN 1493 1495 of of IN 1496 1504 patients patient NNS 1505 1513 infected infect VBN 1514 1518 with with IN 1519 1522 HIV HIV NNP 1522 1523 . . .