0 4 Host Host NNP 5 12 defense defense NN 13 23 mechanisms mechanism NNS 24 33 triggered trigger VBN 34 36 by by IN 37 46 microbial microbial JJ 47 59 lipoproteins lipoprotein NNS 60 67 through through IN 68 77 toll-like toll-like JJ 78 87 receptors receptor NNS 87 88 . . . 90 93 The the DT 94 104 generation generation NN 105 107 of of IN 108 121 cell-mediated cell-mediated JJ 122 130 immunity immunity NN 131 138 against against IN 139 143 many many JJ 144 154 infectious infectious JJ 155 164 pathogens pathogen NNS 165 173 involves involve VBZ 174 177 the the DT 178 188 production production NN 189 191 of of IN 192 206 interleukin-12 interleukin-12 NN 207 208 ( ( ( 208 213 IL-12 il-12 NN 213 214 ) ) ) 214 215 , , , 216 217 a a DT 218 221 key key JJ 222 228 signal signal NN 229 231 of of IN 232 235 the the DT 236 242 innate innate JJ 243 249 immune immune JJ 250 256 system system NN 256 257 . . . 258 261 Yet yet RB 261 262 , , , 263 266 for for IN 267 271 many many JJ 272 281 pathogens pathogen NNS 281 282 , , , 283 286 the the DT 287 296 molecules molecule NNS 297 301 that that WDT 302 308 induce induce VBP 309 314 IL-12 il-12 NN 315 325 production production NN 326 328 by by IN 329 340 macrophages macrophage NNS 341 344 and and CC 345 348 the the DT 349 359 mechanisms mechanism NNS 360 362 by by IN 363 368 which which WDT 369 373 they they PRP 374 376 do do VBP 377 379 so so RB 380 386 remain remain VB 387 396 undefined undefined JJ 396 397 . . . 398 402 Here here RB 403 405 it it PRP 406 408 is be VBZ 409 414 shown show VBN 415 419 that that IN 420 429 microbial microbial JJ 430 442 lipoproteins lipoprotein NNS 443 446 are be VBP 447 453 potent potent JJ 454 465 stimulators stimulator NNS 466 468 of of IN 469 474 IL-12 il-12 NN 475 485 production production NN 486 488 by by IN 489 494 human human JJ 495 506 macrophages macrophage NNS 506 507 , , , 508 511 and and CC 512 516 that that IN 517 526 induction induction NN 527 529 is be VBZ 530 538 mediated mediate VBN 539 541 by by IN 542 551 Toll-like toll-like JJ 552 561 receptors receptor NNS 562 563 ( ( ( 563 567 TLRs TLR NNP 567 568 ) ) ) 568 569 . . . 570 577 Several several JJ 578 590 lipoproteins lipoprotein NNS 591 601 stimulated stimulate VBD 602 615 TLR-dependent tlr-dependent JJ 616 629 transcription transcription NN 630 632 of of IN 633 642 inducible inducible JJ 643 649 nitric nitric JJ 650 655 oxide oxide NN 656 664 synthase synthase NN 665 668 and and CC 669 672 the the DT 673 683 production production NN 684 686 of of IN 687 693 nitric nitric JJ 694 699 oxide oxide NN 699 700 , , , 701 702 a a DT 703 711 powerful powerful JJ 712 724 microbicidal microbicidal JJ 725 732 pathway pathway NN 732 733 . . . 734 744 Activation Activation NNP 745 747 of of IN 748 752 TLRs tlr NNS 753 755 by by IN 756 765 microbial microbial JJ 766 778 lipoproteins lipoprotein NNS 779 782 may may MD 783 791 initiate initiate VB 792 798 innate innate JJ 799 806 defense defense NN 807 817 mechanisms mechanism NNS 818 825 against against IN 826 836 infectious infectious JJ 837 846 pathogens pathogen NNS 846 847 . . .