0	3	The	the	DT
4	14	regulation	regulation	NN
15	17	of	of	IN
18	21	the	the	DT
22	27	human	human	JJ
28	33	tumor	tumor	NN
34	42	necrosis	necrosis	NN
43	49	factor	factor	NN
50	55	alpha	alpha	NN
56	64	promoter	promoter	NN
65	71	region	region	NN
72	74	in	in	IN
75	85	macrophage	macrophage	NN
85	86	,	,	,
87	88	T	t	NN
89	93	cell	cell	NN
93	94	,	,	,
95	98	and	and	CC
99	100	B	B	NNP
101	105	cell	cell	NN
106	111	lines	line	NNS
111	112	.	.	.

114	117	The	the	DT
118	127	1311-base	1311-base	JJ
128	132	pair	pair	NN
133	138	human	human	JJ
139	144	tumor	tumor	NN
145	153	necrosis	necrosis	NN
154	160	factor	factor	NN
161	162	(	(	(
162	165	TNF	TNF	NNP
165	166	)	)	)
167	172	alpha	alpha	NN
173	181	promoter	promoter	NN
182	188	region	region	NN
189	192	was	be	VBD
193	198	fused	fuse	VBN
199	201	to	to	TO
202	205	the	the	DT
206	216	luciferase	luciferase	NN
217	218	(	(	(
218	221	Luc	Luc	NNP
221	222	)	)	)
223	231	reporter	reporter	NN
232	236	gene	gene	NN
237	240	and	and	CC
241	248	studied	study	VBN
249	251	in	in	IN
252	253	a	a	DT
254	263	transient	transient	JJ
264	276	transfection	transfection	NN
277	283	system	system	NN
284	286	in	in	IN
287	292	three	three	CD
293	296	TNF	tnf	NN
297	306	producing	produce	VBG
307	311	cell	cell	NN
312	317	lines	line	NNS
317	318	,	,	,
319	322	the	the	DT
323	327	U937	u937	NN
328	338	macrophage	macrophage	NN
339	343	cell	cell	NN
344	348	line	line	NN
348	349	,	,	,
350	353	the	the	DT
354	357	MLA	MLA	NNP
358	361	144	144	CD
362	363	T	t	NN
364	368	cell	cell	NN
369	373	line	line	NN
373	374	,	,	,
375	378	and	and	CC
379	382	the	the	DT
383	388	729-6	729-6	CD
389	390	B	B	NNP
391	395	cell	cell	NN
396	400	line	line	NN
400	401	.	.	.

402	406	This	this	DT
407	411	full	full	JJ
412	418	length	length	NN
419	427	promoter	promoter	NN
428	437	construct	construct	NN
438	441	can	can	MD
442	444	be	be	VB
445	452	induced	induce	VBN
453	455	by	by	IN
456	463	phorbol	phorbol	NN
464	476	13-myristate	13-myristate	NN
477	484	acetate	acetate	NN
485	486	(	(	(
486	489	PMA	PMA	NNP
489	490	)	)	)
491	493	in	in	IN
494	498	each	each	DT
499	501	of	of	IN
502	507	these	these	DT
508	512	cell	cell	NN
513	518	types	type	NNS
518	519	.	.	.

520	528	Analysis	Analysis	NNP
529	531	of	of	IN
532	533	a	a	DT
534	540	series	series	NN
541	543	of	of	IN
544	558	5’-truncations	5'-truncation	NNS
559	565	showed	show	VBD
566	573	several	several	JJ
574	579	peaks	peak	NNS
580	582	of	of	IN
583	588	basal	basal	JJ
589	592	and	and	CC
593	596	PMA	PMA	NNP
597	604	induced	induce	VBD
605	613	activity	activity	NN
614	624	suggesting	suggest	VBG
625	628	the	the	DT
629	637	presence	presence	NN
638	640	of	of	IN
641	648	several	several	JJ
649	657	positive	positive	JJ
658	661	and	and	CC
662	670	negative	negative	JJ
671	681	regulatory	regulatory	JJ
682	690	elements	element	NNS
690	691	.	.	.

692	693	A	a	DT
694	697	PMA	PMA	NNP
698	708	responsive	responsive	JJ
709	716	element	element	NN
717	720	was	be	VBD
721	730	localized	localized	JJ
731	733	to	to	TO
734	735	a	a	DT
736	742	region	region	NN
743	750	between	between	IN
751	754	-95	-95	CD
755	758	and	and	CC
759	762	-36	-36	CD
763	765	bp	bp	NN
766	774	relative	relative	JJ
775	777	to	to	TO
778	781	the	the	DT
782	795	transcription	transcription	NN
796	801	start	start	NN
802	806	site	site	NN
806	807	.	.	.

808	814	Within	within	IN
815	819	this	this	DT
820	826	region	region	NN
826	827	,	,	,
828	834	single	single	JJ
835	840	AP-2-	ap-2-	NN
841	844	and	and	CC
845	850	AP-1-	ap-1-	NN
851	855	like	like	IN
856	865	consensus	consensus	NN
866	875	sequences	sequence	NNS
876	880	were	be	VBD
881	886	noted	note	VBN
886	887	.	.	.

888	893	These	these	DT
894	898	AP-2	ap-2	NN
899	902	and	and	CC
903	907	AP-1	ap-1	NN
908	913	sites	site	NNS
914	918	were	be	VBD
919	923	each	each	DT
924	932	modified	modify	VBN
933	937	with	with	IN
938	939	a	a	DT
940	946	double	double	JJ
947	952	point	point	NN
953	961	mutation	mutation	NN
961	962	.	.	.

963	964	A	a	DT
965	971	modest	modest	JJ
972	973	(	(	(
973	978	20-50	20-50	CD
978	979	%	%	NN
979	980	)	)	)
981	990	reduction	reduction	NN
991	993	in	in	IN
994	997	TNF	TNF	NNP
998	1006	promoter	promoter	NN
1007	1015	activity	activity	NN
1016	1019	was	be	VBD
1020	1028	observed	observe	VBN
1029	1033	with	with	IN
1034	1037	the	the	DT
1038	1042	AP-2	ap-2	NN
1043	1047	site	site	NN
1048	1056	mutation	mutation	NN
1056	1057	.	.	.

1058	1065	However	however	RB
1065	1066	,	,	,
1067	1075	mutation	mutation	NN
1076	1078	of	of	IN
1079	1082	the	the	DT
1083	1087	AP-1	ap-1	NN
1088	1092	site	site	NN
1093	1101	markedly	markedly	RB
1102	1112	diminished	diminish	VBD
1113	1117	both	both	CC
1118	1121	the	the	DT
1122	1127	basal	basal	JJ
1128	1131	and	and	CC
1132	1145	PMA-activated	pma-activated	JJ
1146	1154	promoter	promoter	NN
1155	1163	activity	activity	NN
1163	1164	.	.	.

1165	1169	Also	also	RB
1170	1186	co-transfections	co-transfection	NNS
1187	1189	of	of	IN
1190	1193	the	the	DT
1194	1203	wild-type	wild-type	JJ
1204	1212	promoter	promoter	NN
1213	1222	construct	construct	NN
1223	1227	with	with	IN
1228	1230	an	an	DT
1231	1241	AP-1/c-jun	AP-1/c-jun	NNP
1242	1252	expression	expression	NN
1253	1259	vector	vector	NN
1260	1268	resulted	result	VBD
1269	1271	in	in	IN
1272	1281	augmented	augmented	JJ
1282	1287	basal	basal	JJ
1288	1291	and	and	CC
1292	1303	PMA-induced	pma-induced	JJ
1304	1312	promoter	promoter	NN
1313	1321	activity	activity	NN
1321	1322	.	.	.