0 7 Natural natural JJ 8 16 variants variant NNS 17 19 of of IN 20 23 the the DT 24 29 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP 30 34 long long JJ 35 43 terminal terminal JJ 44 50 repeat repeat NN 50 51 : : : 52 60 analysis analysis NN 61 63 of of IN 64 73 promoters promoter NNS 74 78 with with IN 79 89 duplicated duplicated JJ 90 93 DNA dna NN 94 104 regulatory regulatory JJ 105 111 motifs motif NNS 111 112 . . . 114 122 Sequence sequence NN 123 132 variation variation NN 133 135 in in IN 136 139 the the DT 140 144 long long JJ 145 153 terminal terminal JJ 154 160 repeat repeat NN 161 162 ( ( ( 162 165 LTR LTR NNP 165 166 ) ) ) 167 173 region region NN 174 176 of of IN 177 182 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP 183 186 was be VBD 187 195 analyzed analyze VBN 196 198 in in IN 199 204 viral viral JJ 205 213 isolates isolate NNS 214 216 of of IN 217 219 17 17 CD 220 228 infected infected JJ 229 240 individuals individual NNS 240 241 . . . 242 245 Two two CD 246 253 classes class NNS 254 256 of of IN 257 260 LTR LTR NNP 261 265 size size NN 266 274 variants variant NNS 275 279 were be VBD 280 285 found find VBN 285 286 . . . 287 290 One one CD 291 296 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP 297 304 variant variant NN 305 308 was be VBD 309 317 detected detect VBN 318 328 containing contain VBG 329 331 an an DT 332 342 additional additional JJ 343 350 binding bind VBG 351 355 site site NN 356 359 for for IN 360 363 the the DT 364 377 transcription transcription NN 378 384 factor factor NN 385 388 Sp1 sp1 NN 388 389 . . . 390 397 Another another DT 398 401 LTR LTR NNP 402 406 size size NN 407 416 variation variation NN 417 420 was be VBD 421 429 observed observe VBN 430 432 in in IN 433 437 four four CD 438 446 patients patient NNS 447 449 in in IN 450 451 a a DT 452 458 region region NN 459 463 just just RB 464 472 upstream upstream RB 473 475 of of IN 476 479 the the DT 480 488 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 489 490 B B NNP 491 499 enhancer enhancer NN 499 500 . . . 501 505 This this DT 506 515 variation variation NN 516 519 was be VBD 520 523 the the DT 524 530 result result NN 531 533 of of IN 534 535 a a DT 536 547 duplication duplication NN 548 550 of of IN 551 552 a a DT 553 558 short short JJ 559 562 DNA dna NN 563 571 sequence sequence NN 572 573 ( ( ( 573 582 CTG-motif ctg-motif NN 582 583 ) ) ) 583 584 . . . 585 589 Cell cell NN 590 597 culture culture NN 598 609 experiments experiment NNS 610 622 demonstrated demonstrate VBD 623 627 that that IN 628 631 the the DT 632 639 natural natural JJ 640 647 variant variant NN 648 652 with with IN 653 657 four four CD 658 661 Sp1 sp1 NN 662 667 sites site NNS 668 671 had have VBD 672 673 a a DT 674 682 slightly slightly RB 683 689 higher high JJR 690 698 promoter promoter NN 699 707 activity activity NN 708 711 and and CC 712 717 viral viral JJ 718 729 replication replication NN 730 734 rate rate NN 735 739 than than IN 740 743 the the DT 744 752 isogenic isogenic JJ 753 760 control control NN 761 764 LTR ltr NN 765 769 with with IN 770 775 three three CD 776 779 Sp1 sp1 NN 780 785 sites site NNS 785 786 . . . 787 789 No no DT 790 798 positive positive JJ 799 805 effect effect NN 806 808 of of IN 809 812 the the DT 813 823 duplicated duplicate VBN 824 833 CTG-motif ctg-motif NN 834 839 could could MD 840 842 be be VB 843 851 detected detect VBN 851 852 . . . 853 855 In in IN 856 861 order order NN 862 864 to to TO 865 872 measure measure VB 873 878 small small JJ 879 890 differences difference NNS 891 893 in in IN 894 899 virus virus NN 900 910 production production NN 911 915 more more RBR 916 926 accurately accurately RB 926 927 , , , 928 933 equal equal JJ 934 941 amounts amount NNS 942 944 of of IN 945 946 a a DT 947 951 size size NN 952 959 variant variant NN 960 963 and and CC 964 967 the the DT 968 977 wild-type wild-type JJ 978 985 plasmid plasmid NN 986 990 were be VBD 991 1004 cotransfected cotransfecte VBN 1005 1009 into into IN 1010 1017 T-cells T-cell NNP 1017 1018 . . . 1019 1022 The the DT 1023 1028 virus virus NN 1029 1033 with with IN 1034 1038 four four CD 1039 1042 Sp1 sp1 NN 1043 1048 sites site NNS 1049 1052 did do VBD 1053 1060 outgrow outgrow VB 1061 1064 the the DT 1065 1070 three three CD 1071 1074 Sp1 sp1 NN 1075 1080 virus virus NN 1081 1083 in in IN 1084 1086 35 35 CD 1087 1091 days day NNS 1092 1094 of of IN 1095 1102 culture culture NN 1103 1106 and and CC 1107 1118 CTG-monomer CTG-monomer NNP 1119 1124 virus virus NN 1125 1136 outcompeted outcompete VBD 1137 1140 the the DT 1141 1150 CTG-dimer CTG-dimer NNP 1151 1156 virus virus NN 1157 1159 in in IN 1160 1162 42 42 CD 1163 1167 days day NNS 1167 1168 . . . 1169 1174 Based base VBN 1175 1177 on on IN 1178 1183 these these DT 1184 1191 results result NNS 1192 1194 we we PRP 1195 1203 estimate estimate VBP 1204 1205 a a DT 1206 1210 5-10 5-10 CD 1210 1211 % % NN 1212 1222 difference difference NN 1223 1225 in in IN 1226 1231 virus virus NN 1232 1242 production production NN 1243 1245 of of IN 1246 1249 the the DT 1250 1253 LTR LTR NNP 1254 1262 variants variant NNS 1263 1267 when when WRB 1268 1276 compared compare VBN 1277 1279 to to TO 1280 1284 that that DT 1285 1287 of of IN 1288 1297 wild-type wild-type JJ 1297 1298 . . .