0 7 Phorbol Phorbol NNP 8 13 ester ester NN 14 21 reduces reduce VBZ 22 34 constitutive constitutive JJ 35 42 nuclear nuclear JJ 43 45 NF NF NNP 46 51 kappa kappa NN 52 53 B B NNP 54 57 and and CC 58 66 inhibits inhibit VBZ 67 72 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP 73 83 production production NN 84 86 in in IN 87 93 mature mature JJ 94 99 human human JJ 100 109 monocytic monocytic JJ 110 115 cells cell NNS 115 116 . . . 118 120 NF NF NNP 121 126 kappa kappa NN 127 128 B B NNP 129 131 is be VBZ 132 133 a a DT 134 140 potent potent JJ 141 149 mediator mediator NN 150 152 of of IN 153 161 specific specific JJ 162 166 gene gene NN 167 177 expression expression NN 178 180 in in IN 181 186 human human JJ 187 196 monocytes monocyte NNS 197 200 and and CC 201 204 has have VBZ 205 209 been be VBN 210 215 shown show VBN 216 218 to to TO 219 223 play play VB 224 225 a a DT 226 230 role role NN 231 233 in in IN 234 247 transcription transcription NN 248 250 of of IN 251 254 the the DT 255 260 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP 261 267 genome genome NN 268 270 in in IN 271 283 promonocytic promonocytic JJ 284 293 leukemias leukemia NNS 293 294 . . . 295 300 There there EX 301 303 is be VBZ 304 310 little little JJ 311 322 information information NN 323 332 available available JJ 333 335 on on IN 336 339 the the DT 340 348 response response NN 349 351 of of IN 352 354 NF NF NNP 355 360 kappa kappa NN 361 362 B B NNP 363 365 to to TO 366 375 cytokines cytokine NNS 376 378 in in IN 379 385 normal normal JJ 386 391 human human JJ 392 401 monocytes monocyte NNS 401 402 . . . 403 405 We we PRP 406 410 have have VBP 411 415 used use VBN 416 417 a a DT 418 429 32P-labeled 32p-labeled JJ 430 445 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide NN 446 453 derived derive VBN 454 458 from from IN 459 464 human human JJ 465 481 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN 482 487 virus virus NN 488 489 ( ( ( 489 494 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP 494 495 ) ) ) 496 500 long long JJ 501 509 terminal terminal JJ 510 516 repeat repeat NN 516 517 , , , 518 523 which which WDT 524 532 contains contain VBZ 533 534 a a DT 535 541 tandem tandem JJ 542 548 repeat repeat NN 549 551 of of IN 552 555 the the DT 556 558 NF NF NNP 559 564 kappa kappa NN 565 566 B B NNP 567 574 binding binding NN 575 583 sequence sequence NN 583 584 , , , 585 587 as as IN 588 589 a a DT 590 595 probe probe NN 596 598 in in IN 599 600 a a DT 601 604 gel gel NN 605 616 retardation retardation NN 617 622 assay assay NN 623 625 to to TO 626 631 study study VB 632 636 this this DT 637 650 transcription transcription NN 651 657 factor factor NN 657 658 . . . 659 664 Using use VBG 665 669 this this DT 670 675 assay assay NN 675 676 , , , 677 679 we we PRP 680 684 have have VBP 685 693 detected detect VBN 694 696 NF NF NNP 697 702 kappa kappa NN 703 704 B b NN 705 707 in in IN 708 716 extracts extract NNS 717 719 of of IN 720 726 nuclei nucleus NNS 727 731 from from IN 732 738 normal normal JJ 739 744 human human JJ 745 754 monocytes monocyte NNS 754 755 . . . 756 765 Treatment Treatment NNP 766 768 of of IN 769 775 normal normal JJ 776 785 monocytes monocyte NNS 786 790 with with IN 791 809 12-0-tetradecanoyl 12-0-tetradecanoyl NN 810 828 phorbol-13-acetate phorbol-13-acetate NN 829 830 ( ( ( 830 833 TPA TPA NNP 833 834 ) ) ) 835 838 for for IN 839 843 4-24 4-24 CD 844 845 h h NN 846 852 caused cause VBD 853 856 the the DT 857 865 complete complete JJ 866 879 disappearance disappearance NN 880 882 of of IN 883 885 NF NF NNP 886 891 kappa kappa NN 892 893 B B NNP 894 898 from from IN 899 906 nuclear nuclear JJ 907 915 extracts extract NNS 916 918 of of IN 919 928 monocytes monocyte NNS 928 929 . . . 930 931 A a DT 932 939 similar similar JJ 940 946 result result NN 947 950 was be VBD 951 959 obtained obtain VBN 960 964 with with IN 965 968 the the DT 969 975 mature mature JJ 976 985 monocytic monocytic JJ 986 994 leukemia leukemia NN 995 999 cell cell NN 1000 1004 line line NN 1005 1010 THP-1 thp-1 NN 1010 1011 . . . 1012 1015 The the DT 1016 1028 constitutive constitutive JJ 1029 1042 transcription transcription NN 1043 1049 factor factor NN 1050 1053 SP1 sp1 NN 1054 1057 was be VBD 1058 1068 unaffected unaffected JJ 1069 1071 by by IN 1072 1080 addition addition NN 1081 1083 of of IN 1084 1087 TPA TPA NNP 1087 1088 . . . 1089 1092 The the DT 1093 1106 disappearance disappearance NN 1107 1109 of of IN 1110 1112 NF NF NNP 1113 1118 kappa kappa NN 1119 1120 B B NNP 1121 1125 from from IN 1126 1129 the the DT 1130 1137 nucleus nucleus NN 1138 1141 was be VBD 1142 1155 concentration concentration NN 1156 1165 dependent dependent JJ 1166 1173 between between IN 1174 1176 10 10 CD 1177 1180 and and CC 1181 1183 50 50 CD 1184 1189 ng/ml ng/ml NN 1190 1192 of of IN 1193 1200 phorbol phorbol NN 1201 1206 ester ester NN 1206 1207 . . . 1208 1210 In in IN 1211 1216 THP-1 thp-1 NN 1217 1222 cells cell NNS 1222 1223 , , , 1224 1227 TPA TPA NNP 1228 1232 also also RB 1233 1240 induced induce VBD 1241 1242 a a DT 1243 1246 new new JJ 1246 1247 , , , 1248 1264 faster-migrating faster-migrating JJ 1265 1267 NF NF NNP 1268 1273 kappa kappa NN 1274 1275 B B NNP 1276 1283 species specie NNS 1284 1287 not not RB 1288 1295 induced induce VBN 1296 1298 in in IN 1299 1308 monocytes monocyte NNS 1308 1309 . . . 1310 1317 Protein protein NN 1318 1324 kinase kinase NNP 1325 1326 C C NNP 1327 1336 inhibitor inhibitor NN 1337 1350 staurosporine staurosporine NN 1350 1351 , , , 1352 1355 but but CC 1356 1359 not not RB 1360 1366 cyclic cyclic JJ 1367 1387 nucleotide-dependent nucleotide-dependent JJ 1388 1395 protein protein NN 1396 1402 kinase kinase NNP 1403 1412 inhibitor inhibitor NN 1413 1420 HA-1004 ha-1004 NN 1420 1421 , , , 1422 1426 also also RB 1427 1439 dramatically dramatically RB 1440 1447 reduced reduce VBD 1448 1460 constitutive constitutive JJ 1461 1467 levels level NNS 1468 1470 of of IN 1471 1478 nuclear nuclear JJ 1479 1481 NF NF NNP 1482 1487 kappa kappa NN 1488 1490 B. B. NNP 1491 1498 Finally finally RB 1498 1499 , , , 1500 1503 TPA TPA NNP 1504 1512 addition addition NN 1513 1515 to to TO 1516 1525 monocytes monocyte NNS 1526 1534 infected infect VBN 1535 1539 with with IN 1540 1545 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP 1546 1555 inhibited inhibit VBD 1556 1561 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP 1562 1573 replication replication NN 1573 1574 , , , 1575 1577 as as IN 1578 1588 determined determine VBN 1589 1591 by by IN 1592 1599 reverse reverse JJ 1600 1613 transcriptase transcriptase NN 1614 1620 assays assay NNS 1620 1621 , , , 1622 1624 in in IN 1625 1626 a a DT 1627 1650 concentration-dependent concentration-dependent JJ 1651 1657 manner manner NN 1657 1658 . . . 1659 1664 These these DT 1665 1672 results result NNS 1673 1676 are be VBP 1677 1679 in in IN 1680 1688 striking striking JJ 1689 1697 contrast contrast NN 1698 1700 to to TO 1701 1704 the the DT 1705 1713 increase increase NN 1714 1716 in in IN 1717 1724 nuclear nuclear JJ 1725 1727 NF NF NNP 1728 1733 kappa kappa NN 1734 1735 B B NNP 1736 1739 and and CC 1740 1745 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP 1746 1757 replication replication NN 1758 1765 induced induce VBN 1766 1768 by by IN 1769 1776 phorbol phorbol NN 1777 1783 esters ester NNS 1784 1786 in in IN 1787 1799 promonocytic promonocytic JJ 1800 1808 leukemia leukemia NN 1809 1814 cells cell NNS 1815 1819 U937 U937 NNP 1820 1823 and and CC 1824 1829 HL-60 HL-60 NNP 1829 1830 , , , 1831 1834 and and CC 1835 1844 emphasize emphasize VBP 1845 1848 the the DT 1849 1859 importance importance NN 1860 1862 of of IN 1863 1871 studying study VBG 1872 1880 cytokine cytokine NN 1881 1891 regulation regulation NN 1892 1894 of of IN 1895 1900 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP 1901 1903 in in IN 1904 1910 normal normal JJ 1911 1920 monocytes monocyte NNS 1920 1921 . . .