0 1 I i NN 2 7 kappa kappa NN 8 15 B/MAD-3 b/mad-3 NN 16 21 masks mask VBZ 22 25 the the DT 26 33 nuclear nuclear JJ 34 46 localization localization NN 47 53 signal signal NN 54 56 of of IN 57 65 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 66 67 B B NNP 68 71 p65 p65 NN 72 75 and and CC 76 84 requires require VBZ 85 88 the the DT 89 104 transactivation transactivation NN 105 111 domain domain NN 112 114 to to TO 115 122 inhibit inhibit VB 123 131 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 132 133 B B NNP 134 137 p65 p65 NN 138 141 DNA dna NN 142 149 binding binding NN 149 150 . . . 152 155 The the DT 156 162 active active JJ 163 170 nuclear nuclear JJ 171 175 form form NN 176 178 of of IN 179 182 the the DT 183 191 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 192 193 B B NNP 194 207 transcription transcription NN 208 214 factor factor NN 215 222 complex complex NN 223 225 is be VBZ 226 234 composed compose VBN 235 237 of of IN 238 241 two two CD 242 245 DNA dna NN 246 253 binding binding NN 254 262 subunits subunit NNS 262 263 , , , 264 272 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 273 274 B B NNP 275 278 p65 p65 NN 279 282 and and CC 283 291 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 292 293 B B NNP 294 297 p50 p50 NN 297 298 , , , 299 303 both both DT 304 306 of of IN 307 312 which which WDT 313 318 share share VBP 319 328 extensive extensive JJ 329 339 N-terminal n-terminal JJ 340 348 sequence sequence NN 349 357 homology homology NN 358 362 with with IN 363 366 the the DT 367 372 v-rel v-rel NN 373 381 oncogene oncogene NN 382 389 product product NN 389 390 . . . 391 394 The the DT 395 403 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 404 405 B B NNP 406 409 p65 p65 NN 410 417 subunit subunit NN 418 426 provides provide VBZ 427 430 the the DT 431 446 transactivation transactivation NN 447 455 activity activity NN 456 458 in in IN 459 463 this this DT 464 471 complex complex NN 472 475 and and CC 476 482 serves serve VBZ 483 485 as as IN 486 488 an an DT 489 502 intracellular intracellular JJ 503 511 receptor receptor NN 512 515 for for IN 516 517 a a DT 518 529 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ 530 539 inhibitor inhibitor NN 540 542 of of IN 543 551 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 552 553 B B NNP 553 554 , , , 555 561 termed term VBN 562 563 I i NN 564 569 kappa kappa NN 570 572 B. B. NNP 573 575 In in IN 576 584 contrast contrast NN 584 585 , , , 586 594 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 595 596 B B NNP 597 600 p50 p50 NN 601 606 alone alone RB 607 612 fails fail VBZ 613 615 to to TO 616 625 stimulate stimulate VB 626 631 kappa kappa NN 632 642 B-directed b-directed JJ 643 656 transcription transcription NN 656 657 , , , 658 661 and and CC 662 667 based base VBN 668 670 on on IN 671 676 prior prior JJ 677 679 in in FW 680 685 vitro vitro FW 686 693 studies study NNS 693 694 , , , 695 697 is be VBZ 698 701 not not RB 702 710 directly directly RB 711 720 regulated regulate VBN 721 723 by by IN 724 725 I i NN 726 731 kappa kappa NN 732 734 B. B. NNP 735 737 To to TO 738 749 investigate investigate VB 750 753 the the DT 754 763 molecular molecular JJ 764 769 basis basis NN 770 773 for for IN 774 777 the the DT 778 786 critical critical JJ 787 797 regulatory regulatory JJ 798 809 interaction interaction NN 810 817 between between IN 818 826 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 827 828 B B NNP 829 832 and and CC 833 834 I i NN 835 840 kappa kappa NN 841 848 B/MAD-3 b/mad-3 NN 848 849 , , , 850 851 a a DT 852 858 series series NN 859 861 of of IN 862 867 human human JJ 868 876 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 877 878 B B NNP 879 882 p65 p65 NN 883 890 mutants mutant NNS 891 894 was be VBD 895 905 identified identify VBN 906 910 that that WDT 911 923 functionally functionally RB 924 934 segregated segregate VBD 935 938 DNA dna NN 939 946 binding binding NN 946 947 , , , 948 949 I i NN 950 955 kappa kappa NN 956 966 B-mediated b-mediated JJ 967 977 inhibition inhibition NN 977 978 , , , 979 982 and and CC 983 984 I i NN 985 990 kappa kappa NN 991 1000 B-induced b-induced JJ 1001 1008 nuclear nuclear JJ 1009 1018 exclusion exclusion NN 1019 1021 of of IN 1022 1026 this this DT 1027 1040 transcription transcription NN 1041 1047 factor factor NN 1047 1048 . . . 1049 1056 Results result NNS 1057 1061 from from IN 1062 1064 in in FW 1065 1069 vivo vivo FW 1070 1080 expression expression NN 1081 1088 studies study NNS 1089 1098 performed perform VBN 1099 1103 with with IN 1104 1109 these these DT 1110 1118 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 1119 1120 B B NNP 1121 1124 p65 p65 NN 1125 1132 mutants mutant NNS 1133 1141 revealed reveal VBD 1142 1145 the the DT 1146 1155 following following NN 1155 1156 : : : 1157 1158 1 1 LS 1158 1159 ) ) ) 1160 1161 I i NN 1162 1167 kappa kappa NN 1168 1175 B/MAD-3 b/mad-3 NN 1176 1186 completely completely RB 1187 1195 inhibits inhibit VBZ 1196 1204 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 1205 1206 B B NNP 1207 1220 p65-dependent p65-dependent JJ 1221 1236 transcriptional transcriptional JJ 1237 1247 activation activation NN 1248 1256 mediated mediate VBN 1257 1264 through through IN 1265 1268 the the DT 1269 1274 human human JJ 1275 1291 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN 1292 1297 virus virus NN 1298 1302 type type NN 1303 1304 1 1 CD 1305 1310 kappa kappa NN 1311 1312 B B NNP 1313 1321 enhancer enhancer NN 1322 1324 in in IN 1325 1330 human human JJ 1331 1332 T t NN 1333 1344 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS 1344 1345 , , , 1346 1347 2 2 LS 1347 1348 ) ) ) 1349 1352 the the DT 1353 1360 binding binding NN 1361 1363 of of IN 1364 1365 I i NN 1366 1371 kappa kappa NN 1372 1379 B/MAD-3 b/mad-3 NN 1380 1382 to to TO 1383 1391 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 1392 1393 B B NNP 1394 1397 p65 p65 NN 1398 1400 is be VBZ 1401 1411 sufficient sufficient JJ 1412 1414 to to TO 1415 1423 retarget retarget VB 1424 1432 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 1433 1434 B B NNP 1435 1438 p65 p65 NN 1439 1443 from from IN 1444 1447 the the DT 1448 1455 nucleus nucleus NN 1456 1458 to to TO 1459 1462 the the DT 1463 1472 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN 1472 1473 , , , 1474 1475 3 3 LS 1475 1476 ) ) ) 1477 1486 selective selective JJ 1487 1495 deletion deletion NN 1496 1498 of of IN 1499 1502 the the DT 1503 1513 functional functional JJ 1514 1521 nuclear nuclear JJ 1522 1534 localization localization NN 1535 1541 signal signal NN 1542 1549 present present JJ 1550 1552 in in IN 1553 1556 the the DT 1557 1560 Rel Rel NNP 1561 1569 homology homology NN 1570 1576 domain domain NN 1577 1579 of of IN 1580 1588 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 1589 1590 B B NNP 1591 1594 p65 p65 NN 1595 1603 disrupts disrupt VBZ 1604 1607 its its PRP$ 1608 1615 ability ability NN 1616 1618 to to TO 1619 1625 engage engage VB 1626 1627 I i NN 1628 1633 kappa kappa NN 1634 1641 B/MAD-3 b/mad-3 NN 1641 1642 , , , 1643 1646 and and CC 1647 1648 4 4 LS 1648 1649 ) ) ) 1650 1653 the the DT 1654 1660 unique unique JJ 1661 1671 C-terminus C-terminus NNP 1672 1674 of of IN 1675 1683 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 1684 1685 B B NNP 1686 1689 p65 p65 NN 1690 1700 attenuates attenuate VBZ 1701 1704 its its PRP$ 1705 1708 own own JJ 1709 1716 nuclear nuclear JJ 1717 1729 localization localization NN 1730 1733 and and CC 1734 1742 contains contain VBZ 1743 1752 sequences sequence NNS 1753 1757 that that WDT 1758 1761 are be VBP 1762 1770 required require VBN 1771 1774 for for IN 1775 1776 I i NN 1777 1782 kappa kappa NN 1783 1793 B-mediated b-mediated JJ 1794 1804 inhibition inhibition NN 1805 1807 of of IN 1808 1816 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 1817 1818 B B NNP 1819 1822 p65 p65 NN 1823 1826 DNA dna NN 1827 1834 binding binding NN 1835 1843 activity activity NN 1843 1844 . . . 1845 1853 Together together RB 1853 1854 , , , 1855 1860 these these DT 1861 1869 findings finding NNS 1870 1877 suggest suggest VBP 1878 1882 that that IN 1883 1886 the the DT 1887 1894 nuclear nuclear JJ 1895 1907 localization localization NN 1908 1914 signal signal NN 1915 1918 and and CC 1919 1934 transactivation transactivation NN 1935 1941 domain domain NN 1942 1944 of of IN 1945 1953 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 1954 1955 B B NNP 1956 1959 p65 p65 NN 1960 1970 constitute constitute VBP 1971 1972 a a DT 1973 1982 bipartite bipartite JJ 1983 1989 system system NN 1990 1994 that that WDT 1995 1997 is be VBZ 1998 2008 critically critically RB 2009 2017 involved involve VBN 2018 2020 in in IN 2021 2024 the the DT 2025 2035 inhibitory inhibitory JJ 2036 2044 function function NN 2045 2047 of of IN 2048 2049 I i NN 2050 2055 kappa kappa NN 2056 2063 B/MAD-3 b/mad-3 NN 2063 2064 . . . 2065 2077 Unexpectedly unexpectedly RB 2077 2078 , , , 2079 2082 our our PRP$ 2083 2085 in in FW 2086 2090 vivo vivo FW 2091 2098 studies study NNS 2099 2103 also also RB 2104 2115 demonstrate demonstrate VBP 2116 2120 that that IN 2121 2122 I i NN 2123 2128 kappa kappa NN 2129 2136 B/MAD-3 b/mad-3 NN 2137 2142 binds bind VBZ 2143 2151 directly directly RB 2152 2154 to to TO 2155 2163 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 2164 2165 B B NNP 2166 2169 p50 p50 NN 2169 2170 . . . 2171 2175 This this DT 2176 2187 interaction interaction NN 2188 2190 is be VBZ 2191 2201 functional functional JJ 2202 2204 as as IN 2205 2207 it it PRP 2208 2213 leads lead VBZ 2214 2216 to to TO 2217 2228 retargeting retargeting NN 2229 2231 of of IN 2232 2240 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 2241 2242 B B NNP 2243 2246 p50 p50 NN 2247 2251 from from IN 2252 2255 the the DT 2256 2263 nucleus nucleus NN 2264 2266 to to TO 2267 2270 the the DT 2271 2280 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN 2280 2281 . . . 2282 2289 However however RB 2289 2290 , , , 2291 2293 no no DT 2294 2298 loss loss NN 2299 2301 of of IN 2302 2305 DNA DNA NNP 2306 2313 binding binding NN 2314 2322 activity activity NN 2323 2325 is be VBZ 2326 2334 observed observe VBN 2334 2335 , , , 2336 2346 presumably presumably RB 2347 2357 reflecting reflect VBG 2358 2361 the the DT 2362 2368 unique unique JJ 2369 2379 C-terminal c-terminal JJ 2380 2386 domain domain NN 2387 2391 that that WDT 2392 2394 is be VBZ 2395 2403 distinct distinct JJ 2404 2408 from from IN 2409 2413 that that DT 2414 2421 present present JJ 2422 2424 in in IN 2425 2433 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 2434 2435 B B NNP 2436 2439 p65 p65 NN 2439 2440 . . .