0 4 oriP oriP NNP 5 7 is be VBZ 8 17 essential essential JJ 18 21 for for IN 22 26 EBNA EBNA NNP 27 31 gene gene NN 32 40 promoter promoter NN 41 49 activity activity NN 50 52 in in IN 53 65 Epstein-Barr epstein-barr JJ 66 84 virus-immortalized virus-immortalized JJ 85 99 lymphoblastoid lymphoblastoid JJ 100 104 cell cell NN 105 110 lines line NNS 110 111 . . . 113 119 During during IN 120 132 Epstein-Barr epstein-barr JJ 133 138 virus virus NN 139 145 latent latent JJ 146 155 infection infection NN 156 158 of of IN 159 160 B B NNP 161 172 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS 173 175 in in FW 176 181 vitro vitro FW 181 182 , , , 183 186 six six CD 187 192 viral viral JJ 193 200 nuclear nuclear JJ 201 209 antigens antigen NNS 210 211 ( ( ( 211 216 EBNAs EBNA NNPS 216 217 ) ) ) 218 221 are be VBP 222 231 expressed express VBN 232 236 from from IN 237 240 one one CD 241 243 of of IN 244 247 two two CD 248 257 promoters promoter NNS 257 258 , , , 259 261 Cp Cp NNP 262 264 or or CC 265 267 Wp Wp NNP 267 268 , , , 269 274 whose whose WP$ 275 285 activities activity NNS 286 289 are be VBP 290 298 mutually mutually RB 299 308 exclusive exclusive JJ 308 309 . . . 310 314 Upon upon IN 315 324 infection infection NN 324 325 , , , 326 328 Wp Wp NNP 329 331 is be VBZ 332 341 initially initially RB 342 348 active active JJ 348 349 , , , 350 358 followed follow VBN 359 361 by by IN 362 363 a a DT 364 370 switch switch NN 371 373 to to TO 374 376 Cp cp NN 377 380 for for IN 381 384 the the DT 385 393 duration duration NN 394 396 of of IN 397 404 latency latency NN 404 405 . . . 406 408 In in IN 409 413 this this DT 414 419 study study NN 419 420 , , , 421 424 the the DT 425 431 region region NN 432 440 upstream upstream JJ 441 443 of of IN 444 446 Cp Cp NNP 447 450 was be VBD 451 459 analyzed analyze VBN 460 463 for for IN 464 467 the the DT 468 476 presence presence NN 477 479 of of IN 480 483 cis cis NN 484 492 elements element NNS 493 501 involved involve VBN 502 504 in in IN 505 515 regulating regulate VBG 516 519 the the DT 520 530 activities activity NNS 531 533 of of IN 534 537 the the DT 538 542 EBNA EBNA NNP 543 547 gene gene NN 548 557 promoters promoter NNS 558 560 in in IN 561 572 established establish VBN 573 575 in in FW 576 581 vitro vitro FW 582 594 immortalized immortalize VBN 595 609 lymphoblastoid lymphoblastoid JJ 610 614 cell cell NN 615 620 lines line NNS 621 622 ( ( ( 622 626 LCLs LCL NNP 626 627 ) ) ) 627 628 . . . 629 631 It it PRP 632 635 was be VBD 636 646 determined determine VBN 647 651 that that IN 652 656 oriP oriP NNP 656 657 , , , 658 661 the the DT 662 668 origin origin NN 669 672 for for IN 673 681 episomal episomal JJ 682 693 maintenance maintenance NN 694 700 during during IN 701 708 latency latency NN 708 709 , , , 710 712 is be VBZ 713 722 essential essential JJ 723 726 for for IN 727 736 efficient efficient JJ 737 750 transcription transcription NN 751 761 initiation initiation NN 762 766 from from IN 767 773 either either CC 774 776 Cp Cp NNP 777 779 or or CC 780 782 Wp Wp NNP 783 785 in in IN 786 790 LCLs LCL NNP 790 791 , , , 792 794 as as RB 795 799 well well RB 800 802 as as IN 803 805 in in IN 806 810 some some DT 811 818 Burkitt Burkitt NNP 818 820 ’s 's POS 821 829 lymphoma lymphoma NN 830 834 cell cell NN 835 840 lines line NNS 840 841 . . . 842 850 Deletion deletion NN 851 853 of of IN 854 857 the the DT 858 873 EBNA2-dependent ebna2-dependent JJ 874 882 enhancer enhancer NN 883 890 located located JJ 891 899 upstream upstream RB 900 902 of of IN 903 905 Cp Cp NNP 906 914 resulted result VBD 915 917 in in IN 918 919 a a DT 920 923 ca. ca. FW 924 928 two- two- CD 929 931 to to TO 932 940 fivefold fivefold JJ 941 950 reduction reduction NN 951 953 in in IN 954 956 Cp Cp NNP 957 965 activity activity NN 966 968 in in IN 969 972 the the DT 973 977 LCLs LCL NNP 978 985 assayed assay VBN 985 986 . . . 987 991 More more RBR 992 1001 extensive extensive JJ 1002 1010 deletion deletion NN 1011 1013 of of IN 1014 1023 sequences sequence NNS 1024 1032 upstream upstream JJ 1033 1035 of of IN 1036 1038 Cp Cp NNP 1038 1039 , , , 1040 1049 including include VBG 1050 1053 the the DT 1054 1069 EBNA2-dependent ebna2-dependent JJ 1070 1078 enhancer enhancer NN 1078 1079 , , , 1080 1088 resulted result VBD 1089 1091 in in IN 1092 1098 nearly nearly RB 1099 1107 complete complete JJ 1108 1112 loss loss NN 1113 1115 of of IN 1116 1118 Cp Cp NNP 1119 1127 activity activity NN 1127 1128 . . . 1129 1133 This this DT 1134 1138 loss loss NN 1139 1141 of of IN 1142 1150 activity activity NN 1151 1154 was be VBD 1155 1160 shown show VBN 1161 1163 to to TO 1164 1173 correlate correlate VB 1174 1178 with with IN 1179 1187 deletion deletion NN 1188 1190 of of IN 1191 1194 two two CD 1195 1200 CCAAT CCAAT NNP 1201 1206 boxes box NNS 1206 1207 , , , 1208 1209 a a DT 1210 1218 proximal proximal JJ 1219 1224 CCAAT ccaat NN 1225 1228 box box NN 1229 1236 located located JJ 1237 1239 at at IN 1240 1242 bp bp NN 1243 1246 -61 -61 CD 1247 1249 to to TO 1250 1253 -65 -65 CD 1254 1257 and and CC 1258 1259 a a DT 1260 1266 distal distal JJ 1267 1272 CCAAT ccaat NN 1273 1276 box box NN 1277 1284 located located JJ 1285 1287 at at IN 1288 1290 bp bp NN 1291 1295 -253 -253 CD 1296 1298 to to TO 1299 1303 -257 -257 CD 1303 1304 , , , 1305 1313 upstream upstream RB 1314 1316 of of IN 1317 1319 Cp Cp NNP 1319 1320 . . . 1321 1334 Site-directed site-directed JJ 1335 1346 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN 1347 1349 of of IN 1350 1355 these these DT 1356 1359 cis cis NN 1360 1368 elements element NNS 1369 1381 demonstrated demonstrate VBD 1382 1386 that that IN 1387 1389 Cp Cp NNP 1390 1398 activity activity NN 1399 1401 is be VBZ 1402 1408 highly highly RB 1409 1418 dependent dependent JJ 1419 1421 on on IN 1422 1425 the the DT 1426 1434 presence presence NN 1435 1437 of of IN 1438 1439 a a DT 1440 1448 properly properly RB 1449 1459 positioned position VBN 1460 1465 CCAAT CCAAT NNP 1466 1469 box box NN 1469 1470 , , , 1471 1475 with with IN 1476 1479 the the DT 1480 1490 dependence dependence NN 1491 1493 on on IN 1494 1497 the the DT 1498 1504 distal distal JJ 1505 1510 CCAAT ccaat NN 1511 1514 box box NN 1515 1523 apparent apparent JJ 1524 1528 only only RB 1529 1533 when when WRB 1534 1537 the the DT 1538 1546 proximal proximal JJ 1547 1552 CCAAT CCAAT NNP 1553 1556 box box NN 1557 1560 was be VBD 1561 1568 deleted delete VBN 1569 1571 or or CC 1572 1579 mutated mutate VBN 1579 1580 . . . 1581 1589 Deletion deletion NN 1590 1592 of of IN 1593 1596 the the DT 1597 1611 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NN 1612 1620 response response NN 1621 1629 elements element NNS 1630 1637 located located JJ 1638 1640 at at IN 1641 1644 ca. ca. FW 1645 1647 bp bp NN 1648 1652 -850 -850 CD 1653 1661 upstream upstream RB 1662 1664 of of IN 1665 1667 Cp Cp NNP 1668 1671 did do VBD 1672 1675 not not RB 1676 1682 result result VB 1683 1685 in in IN 1686 1687 a a DT 1688 1699 significant significant JJ 1700 1704 loss loss NN 1705 1707 in in IN 1708 1716 activity activity NN 1716 1717 . . . 1718 1720 In in IN 1721 1728 general general JJ 1728 1729 , , , 1730 1739 deletions deletion NNS 1740 1745 which which WDT 1746 1756 diminished diminish VBD 1757 1759 Cp Cp NNP 1760 1768 activity activity NN 1769 1777 resulted result VBD 1778 1780 in in IN 1781 1790 induction induction NN 1791 1793 of of IN 1794 1796 Wp Wp NNP 1797 1805 activity activity NN 1805 1806 , , , 1807 1817 consistent consistent JJ 1818 1822 with with IN 1823 1834 suppression suppression NN 1835 1837 of of IN 1838 1840 Wp Wp NNP 1841 1849 activity activity NN 1850 1852 by by IN 1853 1868 transcriptional transcriptional JJ 1869 1881 interference interference NN 1882 1886 from from IN 1887 1889 Cp Cp NNP 1889 1890 . . . 1891 1894 The the DT 1895 1909 identification identification NN 1910 1912 of of IN 1913 1917 oriP oriP NNP 1918 1921 and and CC 1922 1925 the the DT 1926 1941 EBNA2-dependent ebna2-dependent JJ 1942 1950 enhancer enhancer NN 1951 1953 as as IN 1954 1957 the the DT 1958 1963 major major JJ 1964 1972 positive positive JJ 1973 1976 cis cis NN 1977 1985 elements element NNS 1986 1994 involved involve VBN 1995 1997 in in IN 1998 2008 regulating regulate VBG 2009 2011 Cp cp NN 2012 2020 activity activity NN 2021 2023 in in IN 2024 2027 LCL LCL NNP 2028 2036 suggests suggest VBZ 2037 2041 that that IN 2042 2046 EBNA EBNA NNP 2047 2051 gene gene NN 2052 2065 transcription transcription NN 2066 2068 is be VBZ 2069 2076 largely largely RB 2077 2090 autoregulated autoregulate VBN 2091 2093 by by IN 2094 2098 EBNA EBNA NNP 2099 2100 1 1 CD 2101 2104 and and CC 2105 2109 EBNA EBNA NNP 2110 2111 2 2 CD 2111 2112 . . .