0 12 Constitutive constitutive JJ 13 23 expression expression NN 24 26 of of IN 27 30 p50 p50 NN 31 40 homodimer homodimer NN 41 43 in in IN 44 51 freshly freshly RB 52 60 isolated isolate VBN 61 66 human human JJ 67 76 monocytes monocyte NNS 77 86 decreases decrease VBZ 87 91 with with IN 92 94 in in FW 95 100 vitro vitro FW 101 104 and and CC 105 107 in in FW 108 112 vivo vivo FW 113 128 differentiation differentiation NN 128 129 : : : 130 131 a a DT 132 140 possible possible JJ 141 150 mechanism mechanism NN 151 162 influencing influence VBG 163 168 human human JJ 169 185 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN 186 191 virus virus NN 192 203 replication replication NN 204 206 in in IN 207 216 monocytes monocyte NNS 217 220 and and CC 221 227 mature mature JJ 228 239 macrophages macrophage NNS 239 240 . . . 242 247 Human human JJ 248 264 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN 265 270 virus virus NN 271 275 type type NN 276 277 1 1 CD 278 279 ( ( ( 279 284 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP 284 285 ) ) ) 286 296 replicates replicate VBZ 297 301 more more RBR 302 313 efficiently efficiently RB 314 316 in in FW 317 322 vitro vitro FW 323 325 in in IN 326 340 differentiated differentiate VBN 341 352 macrophages macrophage NNS 353 357 than than IN 358 360 in in IN 361 368 freshly freshly RB 369 377 isolated isolate VBN 378 387 monocytes monocyte NNS 387 388 . . . 389 391 We we PRP 392 404 investigated investigate VBD 405 412 whether whether IN 413 417 this this DT 418 421 may may MD 422 424 be be VB 425 431 partly partly RB 432 441 explained explain VBN 442 444 by by IN 445 452 changes change NNS 453 455 in in IN 456 466 expression expression NN 467 469 of of IN 470 479 NF-kappaB NF-kappaB NNP 480 484 with with IN 485 493 monocyte monocyte NN 494 509 differentiation differentiation NN 509 510 . . . 511 513 We we PRP 514 526 demonstrated demonstrate VBD 527 531 that that IN 532 544 constitutive constitutive JJ 545 555 expression expression NN 556 558 of of IN 559 568 NF-kappaB NF-kappaB NNP 569 571 in in IN 572 579 primary primary JJ 580 585 human human JJ 586 595 monocytes monocyte NNS 596 603 changed change VBD 604 617 significantly significantly RB 618 622 with with IN 623 638 differentiation differentiation NN 639 641 in in FW 642 647 vitro vitro FW 648 650 to to TO 651 667 monocyte-derived monocyte-derived JJ 668 679 macrophages macrophage NNS 680 681 ( ( ( 681 685 MDMs MDM NNPS 685 686 ) ) ) 687 690 and and CC 691 706 differentiation differentiation NN 707 709 in in FW 710 714 vivo vivo FW 715 717 to to TO 718 726 alveolar alveolar JJ 727 738 macrophages macrophage NNS 739 740 ( ( ( 740 743 AMs AM NNP 743 744 ) ) ) 744 745 . . . 746 753 Freshly freshly RB 754 762 isolated isolate VBN 763 772 monocytes monocyte NNS 773 787 constitutively constitutively RB 788 797 expressed express VBD 798 802 high high JJ 803 809 levels level NNS 810 812 of of IN 813 830 transcriptionally transcriptionally RB 831 839 inactive inactive JJ 840 843 p50 p50 NN 844 853 homodimer homodimer NN 854 859 which which WDT 860 869 decreased decrease VBD 870 874 with with IN 875 879 time time NN 880 882 in in IN 883 890 culture culture NN 891 893 in in IN 894 899 favor favor NN 900 902 of of IN 903 906 the the DT 907 924 transcriptionally transcriptionally RB 925 931 active active JJ 932 939 p50/p65 p50/p65 NN 940 943 and and CC 944 952 p50/RelB p50/relb NN 953 965 heterodimers heterodimer NNS 965 966 . . . 967 969 As as IN 970 972 in in IN 973 977 MDMs MDM NNP 977 978 , , , 979 982 AMs AM NNP 983 997 constitutively constitutively RB 998 1007 expressed express VBD 1008 1015 p50/p65 p50/p65 NN 1016 1019 and and CC 1020 1028 p50/RelB p50/relb NN 1029 1037 although although IN 1038 1040 at at IN 1041 1046 lower low JJR 1047 1053 levels level NNS 1053 1054 . . . 1055 1058 HIV HIV NNP 1059 1068 infection infection NN 1069 1071 of of IN 1072 1077 fresh fresh JJ 1078 1087 monocytes monocyte NNS 1088 1094 failed fail VBD 1095 1097 to to TO 1098 1104 induce induce VB 1105 1112 p50/p65 p50/p65 NN 1113 1115 as as IN 1116 1120 seen see VBN 1121 1123 in in IN 1124 1128 MDMs MDM NNP 1128 1129 . . . 1130 1133 The the DT 1134 1145 replacement replacement NN 1146 1148 of of IN 1149 1152 p50 p50 NN 1153 1163 homodimers homodimer NNS 1164 1168 with with IN 1169 1186 transcriptionally transcriptionally RB 1187 1193 active active JJ 1194 1206 heterodimers heterodimer NNS 1207 1216 following follow VBG 1217 1221 time time NN 1222 1224 in in IN 1225 1232 culture culture NN 1233 1236 may may MD 1237 1246 partially partially RB 1247 1254 explain explain VB 1255 1258 the the DT 1259 1270 progressive progressive JJ 1271 1279 increase increase NN 1280 1282 in in IN 1283 1297 susceptibility susceptibility NN 1298 1300 of of IN 1301 1310 monocytes monocyte NNS 1311 1313 to to TO 1314 1317 HIV HIV NNP 1318 1327 infection infection NN 1328 1334 during during IN 1335 1337 in in FW 1338 1343 vitro vitro FW 1344 1351 culture culture NN 1351 1352 . . . 1353 1356 The the DT 1357 1363 change change NN 1364 1366 in in IN 1367 1376 NF-kappaB NF-kappaB NNP 1377 1387 components component NNS 1388 1392 with with IN 1393 1401 monocyte monocyte NN 1402 1417 differentiation differentiation NN 1418 1420 in in FW 1421 1425 vivo vivo FW 1426 1429 may may MD 1430 1434 also also RB 1435 1442 explain explain VB 1443 1446 the the DT 1447 1456 different different JJ 1457 1472 transcriptional transcriptional JJ 1473 1483 activities activity NNS 1484 1486 of of IN 1487 1492 these these DT 1493 1497 cell cell NN 1498 1509 populations population NNS 1510 1512 in in IN 1513 1525 HIV-infected hiv-infected JJ 1526 1537 individuals individual NNS 1537 1538 . . .