0 15 Differentiation Differentiation NNP 16 18 of of IN 19 27 T-helper T-helper NNP 28 39 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS 39 40 : : : 41 50 selective selective JJ 51 61 regulation regulation NN 62 64 by by IN 65 72 members member NNS 73 75 of of IN 76 79 the the DT 80 84 STAT stat NN 85 91 family family NN 92 94 of of IN 95 108 transcription transcription NN 109 116 factors factor NNS 116 117 . . . 119 132 Interleukin-4 interleukin-4 NN 133 134 ( ( ( 134 138 IL-4 il-4 NN 138 139 ) ) ) 140 143 and and CC 144 158 interleukin-12 interleukin-12 NN 159 160 ( ( ( 160 165 IL-12 il-12 NN 165 166 ) ) ) 167 174 control control VBP 175 178 the the DT 179 194 differentiation differentiation NN 195 197 of of IN 198 206 T-helper T-helper NNP 207 212 cells cell NNS 212 213 . . . 214 218 Here here RB 219 221 we we PRP 222 231 summarize summarize VBP 232 239 studies study NNS 240 245 which which WDT 246 257 investigate investigate VBP 258 261 the the DT 262 271 mechanism mechanism NN 272 274 by by IN 275 280 which which WDT 281 286 these these DT 287 296 cytokines cytokine NNS 297 308 selectively selectively RB 309 320 reprogramme reprogramme VBP 321 325 gene gene NN 326 336 expression expression NN 337 339 in in IN 340 353 T-lymphocytes T-lymphocyte NNP 353 354 . . . 355 363 Cytokine Cytokine NNP 364 375 stimulation stimulation NN 376 381 leads lead VBZ 382 384 to to TO 385 388 the the DT 389 404 phosphorylation phosphorylation NN 405 407 of of IN 408 416 specific specific JJ 417 425 tyrosine tyrosine NN 426 434 residues residue NNS 435 441 within within IN 442 445 the the DT 446 459 intracellular intracellular JJ 460 466 domain domain NN 467 469 of of IN 470 473 the the DT 474 487 corresponding correspond VBG 488 496 cytokine cytokine NN 497 505 receptor receptor NN 505 506 . . . 507 512 These these DT 513 529 phosphotyrosines phosphotyrosine NNS 530 535 serve serve VBP 536 538 as as IN 539 546 docking docking NN 547 552 sites site NNS 553 556 for for IN 557 563 latent latent JJ 563 564 , , , 565 576 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ 577 590 transcription transcription NN 591 598 factors factor NNS 599 604 known know VBN 605 607 as as IN 608 614 signal signal NN 615 626 transducers transducer NNS 627 630 and and CC 631 641 activators activator NNS 642 644 of of IN 645 658 transcription transcription NN 659 660 ( ( ( 660 664 Stat Stat NNP 664 665 ) ) ) 666 674 proteins protein NNS 674 675 . . . 676 689 Receptor/Stat Receptor/Stat NNP 690 701 interaction interaction NN 702 704 is be VBZ 705 713 mediated mediate VBN 714 716 by by IN 717 720 the the DT 721 724 src src NN 725 733 homology homology NN 734 735 2 2 CD 736 737 ( ( ( 737 740 SH2 sh2 NN 740 741 ) ) ) 742 748 domain domain NN 749 751 of of IN 752 755 the the DT 756 769 corresponding correspond VBG 770 774 Stat Stat NNP 775 782 protein protein NN 782 783 . . . 784 792 Although although IN 793 797 Stat Stat NNP 798 805 binding binding NN 806 808 to to TO 809 812 the the DT 813 826 intracellular intracellular JJ 827 833 domain domain NN 834 836 of of IN 837 840 the the DT 841 849 cytokine cytokine NN 850 858 receptor receptor NN 859 867 strongly strongly RB 868 875 depends depend VBZ 876 878 on on IN 879 882 the the DT 883 898 phosphotyrosine phosphotyrosine NN 899 906 residue residue NN 906 907 , , , 908 911 the the DT 912 923 recruitment recruitment NN 924 926 of of IN 927 928 a a DT 929 937 specific specific JJ 938 942 Stat Stat NNP 943 950 protein protein NN 951 953 is be VBZ 954 962 dictated dictate VBN 963 965 by by IN 966 971 amino amino JJ 972 976 acid acid NN 977 985 residues residue NNS 986 996 C-terminal c-terminal JJ 997 999 to to TO 1000 1003 the the DT 1004 1019 phosphotyrosine phosphotyrosine NN 1019 1020 . . . 1021 1029 Specific specific JJ 1030 1037 docking docking NN 1038 1043 sites site NNS 1044 1050 within within IN 1051 1061 individual individual JJ 1062 1070 cytokine cytokine NN 1071 1080 receptors receptor NNS 1081 1085 have have VBP 1086 1090 been be VBN 1091 1101 identified identify VBN 1102 1105 for for IN 1106 1112 almost almost RB 1113 1116 all all DT 1117 1121 Stat Stat NNP 1122 1130 proteins protein NNS 1130 1131 . . . 1132 1135 The the DT 1136 1142 direct direct JJ 1143 1151 coupling coupling NN 1152 1159 between between IN 1160 1168 cytokine cytokine NN 1169 1177 receptor receptor NN 1178 1181 and and CC 1182 1195 transcription transcription NN 1196 1202 factor factor NN 1203 1208 helps help VBZ 1209 1211 to to TO 1212 1219 explain explain VB 1220 1223 how how WRB 1224 1233 different different JJ 1234 1243 cytokines cytokine NNS 1244 1250 elicit elicit VBP 1251 1259 distinct distinct JJ 1260 1268 patterns pattern NNS 1269 1271 of of IN 1272 1276 gene gene NN 1277 1287 expression expression NN 1287 1288 . . .