0 8 Reactive reactive JJ 9 15 oxygen oxygen NN 16 23 species specie NNS 24 27 and and CC 28 40 antioxidants antioxidant NNS 41 43 in in IN 44 56 inflammatory inflammatory JJ 57 65 diseases disease NNS 65 66 . . . 68 72 This this DT 73 78 paper paper NN 79 83 aims aim VBZ 84 86 to to TO 87 93 review review VB 94 97 the the DT 98 102 role role NN 103 105 of of IN 106 110 free free JJ 111 126 radical-induced radical-induced JJ 127 133 tissue tissue NN 134 140 damage damage NN 141 144 and and CC 145 156 antioxidant antioxidant JJ 157 164 defence defence NN 165 175 mechanisms mechanism NNS 176 178 in in IN 179 191 inflammatory inflammatory JJ 192 200 diseases disease NNS 201 205 that that WDT 206 213 involve involve VBP 214 224 pathogenic pathogenic JJ 225 234 processes process NNS 235 242 similar similar JJ 243 245 to to TO 246 249 the the DT 250 261 periodontal periodontal JJ 262 270 diseases disease NNS 270 271 . . . 272 277 There there EX 278 280 is be VBZ 281 282 a a DT 283 290 clearly clearly RB 291 298 defined define VBN 299 302 and and CC 303 314 substantial substantial JJ 315 319 role role NN 320 323 for for IN 324 328 free free JJ 329 337 radicals radical NNS 338 340 or or CC 341 349 reactive reactive JJ 350 356 oxygen oxygen NN 357 364 species specie NNS 365 366 ( ( ( 366 369 ROS ROS NNP 369 370 ) ) ) 371 373 in in IN 374 387 periodontitis periodontitis NN 387 388 , , , 389 392 but but CC 393 399 little little JJ 400 408 research research NN 409 412 has have VBZ 413 417 been be VBN 418 427 performed perform VBN 428 430 in in IN 431 435 this this DT 436 440 area area NN 440 441 . . . 442 446 This this DT 447 452 paper paper NN 453 460 reviews review VBZ 461 464 the the DT 465 477 considerable considerable JJ 478 482 data datum NNS 483 492 available available JJ 493 501 relating relate VBG 502 505 ROS ros NN 506 514 activity activity NN 515 518 and and CC 519 530 antioxidant antioxidant JJ 531 538 defence defence NN 539 541 to to TO 542 554 inflammatory inflammatory JJ 555 563 diseases disease NNS 564 567 and and CC 568 576 attempts attempt NNS 577 579 to to TO 580 584 draw draw VB 585 594 parallels parallel NNS 595 599 with with IN 600 613 periodontitis periodontitis NN 613 614 , , , 615 617 in in IN 618 620 an an DT 621 627 effort effort NN 628 630 to to TO 631 640 stimulate stimulate VB 641 645 more more RBR 646 657 periodontal periodontal JJ 658 666 research research NN 667 669 in in IN 670 674 this this DT 675 684 important important JJ 685 689 area area NN 689 690 . . . 691 694 The the DT 695 701 recent recent JJ 702 711 discovery discovery NN 712 714 of of IN 715 718 the the DT 719 732 transcription transcription NN 733 739 factor factor NN 740 747 nuclear nuclear JJ 748 754 factor factor NN 755 760 kappa kappa NN 761 762 B B NNP 763 764 ( ( ( 764 772 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 773 774 B B NNP 774 775 ) ) ) 776 778 is be VBZ 779 787 reviewed review VBN 788 791 and and CC 792 799 several several JJ 800 809 potential potential JJ 810 818 pathways pathway NNS 819 822 for for IN 823 839 cytokine-induced cytokine-induced JJ 840 851 periodontal periodontal JJ 852 858 tissue tissue NN 859 865 damage damage NN 865 866 , , , 867 875 mediated mediate VBN 876 878 by by IN 879 887 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 888 890 B1 B1 NNP 891 894 are be VBP 895 904 discussed discuss VBN 904 905 . . . 906 914 Emphasis emphasis NN 915 917 is be VBZ 918 924 placed place VBN 925 927 on on IN 928 937 cytokines cytokine NNS 938 942 that that WDT 943 947 have have VBP 948 952 been be VBN 953 960 studied study VBN 961 963 in in IN 964 977 periodontitis periodontitis NN 977 978 , , , 979 990 principally principally RB 991 1000 TNF-alpha TNF-alpha NNP 1000 1001 , , , 1002 1006 IL-1 IL-1 NNP 1006 1007 , , , 1008 1012 IL-6 IL-6 NNP 1012 1013 , , , 1014 1018 IL-8 il-8 NN 1019 1022 and and CC 1023 1038 beta-interferon beta-interferon NN 1038 1039 . . . 1040 1043 The the DT 1044 1048 link link NN 1049 1056 between between IN 1057 1065 cellular cellular JJ 1066 1076 production production NN 1077 1079 of of IN 1080 1084 such such JJ 1085 1094 important important JJ 1095 1104 mediators mediator NNS 1105 1107 of of IN 1108 1120 inflammation inflammation NN 1121 1124 and and CC 1125 1128 the the DT 1129 1140 antioxidant antioxidant NN 1141 1142 ( ( ( 1142 1144 AO AO NNP 1144 1145 ) ) ) 1146 1152 thiols thiol NNS 1152 1153 , , , 1154 1162 cysteine cysteine NN 1163 1166 and and CC 1167 1174 reduced reduce VBN 1175 1186 glutathione glutathione NN 1187 1188 ( ( ( 1188 1191 GSH GSH NNP 1191 1192 ) ) ) 1192 1193 , , , 1194 1196 is be VBZ 1197 1206 discussed discuss VBN 1207 1210 and and CC 1211 1213 it it PRP 1214 1216 is be VBZ 1217 1229 hypothesised hypothesise VBN 1230 1234 that that IN 1235 1243 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 1244 1245 B B NNP 1246 1257 antagonists antagonist NNS 1258 1261 may may MD 1262 1267 offer offer VB 1268 1277 important important JJ 1278 1289 therapeutic therapeutic JJ 1290 1298 benefits benefit NNS 1298 1299 . . .