0 4 ETS1 ETS1 NNP 4 5 , , , 6 14 NFkappaB NFkappaB NNP 15 18 and and CC 19 22 AP1 AP1 NNP 23 38 synergistically synergistically RB 39 52 transactivate transactivate VBP 53 56 the the DT 57 62 human human JJ 63 69 GM-CSF GM-CSF NNP 70 78 promoter promoter NN 78 79 . . . 81 91 Activation Activation NNP 92 94 of of IN 95 101 helper helper NN 102 103 T t NN 104 109 cells cell NNS 110 117 results result VBZ 118 120 in in IN 121 131 coordinate coordinate JJ 132 142 expression expression NN 143 145 of of IN 146 147 a a DT 148 154 number number NN 155 157 of of IN 158 167 cytokines cytokine NNS 168 176 involved involve VBN 177 179 in in IN 180 195 differentiation differentiation NN 195 196 , , , 197 210 proliferation proliferation NN 211 214 and and CC 215 225 activation activation NN 226 228 of of IN 229 232 the the DT 233 247 haematopoietic haematopoietic JJ 248 254 system system NN 254 255 . . . 256 278 Granulocyte-macrophage granulocyte-macrophage JJ 279 285 colony colony NN 286 297 stimulating stimulating NN 298 304 factor factor NN 305 306 ( ( ( 306 312 GM-CSF GM-CSF NNP 312 313 ) ) ) 314 316 is be VBZ 317 320 one one CD 321 325 such such JJ 326 334 cytokine cytokine NN 334 335 , , , 336 341 whose whose WP$ 342 351 increased increase VBN 352 362 expression expression NN 363 370 results result VBZ 371 377 mostly mostly RB 378 382 from from IN 383 392 increases increase NNS 393 395 in in IN 396 409 transcription transcription NN 409 410 . . . 411 421 Cis-acting cis-acting JJ 422 430 elements element NNS 431 435 with with IN 436 444 NFkappaB NFkappaB NNP 444 445 , , , 446 449 AP1 ap1 NN 450 453 and and CC 454 462 ETS-like ets-like JJ 463 470 binding binding NN 471 477 motifs motif NNS 478 482 have have VBP 483 487 been be VBN 488 498 identified identify VBN 499 501 in in IN 502 505 the the DT 506 514 promoter promoter NN 515 521 region region NN 522 524 of of IN 525 528 the the DT 529 535 GM-CSF GM-CSF NNP 536 540 gene gene NN 540 541 , , , 542 545 and and CC 546 549 are be VBP 550 559 important important JJ 560 562 or or CC 563 572 essential essential JJ 573 576 for for IN 577 592 transcriptional transcriptional JJ 593 601 activity activity NN 602 611 following follow VBG 612 613 T t NN 614 618 cell cell NN 619 629 activation activation NN 629 630 . . . 631 635 ETS1 ETS1 NNP 636 638 is be VBZ 639 640 a a DT 641 654 transcription transcription NN 655 661 factor factor NN 662 664 of of IN 665 668 the the DT 669 672 ETS ETS NNP 673 679 family family NN 680 684 that that WDT 685 687 is be VBZ 688 697 expressed express VBN 698 700 in in IN 701 702 T t NN 703 708 cells cell NNS 708 709 . . . 710 712 We we PRP 713 717 have have VBP 718 728 previously previously RB 729 734 shown show VBN 735 739 that that IN 740 744 ETS1 ETS1 NNP 745 748 can can MD 749 762 transactivate transactivate VB 763 769 GM-CSF GM-CSF NNP 770 772 in in IN 773 779 Jurkat Jurkat NNP 780 781 T t NN 782 787 cells cell NNS 787 788 , , , 789 792 but but CC 793 797 only only RB 798 803 after after IN 804 807 the the DT 808 813 cells cell NNS 814 818 have have VBP 819 823 been be VBN 824 834 stimulated stimulate VBN 835 837 by by IN 838 847 treatment treatment NN 848 852 with with IN 853 856 PMA PMA NNP 857 860 and and CC 861 870 ionomycin ionomycin NN 870 871 , , , 872 878 agents agent NNS 879 883 that that WDT 884 889 mimic mimic VBP 890 891 T t NN 892 896 cell cell NN 897 907 activation activation NN 907 908 . . . 909 913 Thus thus RB 914 916 we we PRP 917 925 proposed propose VBD 926 930 that that IN 931 935 ETS1 ETS1 NNP 935 936 , , , 937 942 which which WDT 943 945 is be VBZ 946 955 expressed express VBN 956 970 constitutively constitutively RB 971 973 in in IN 974 980 Jurkat Jurkat NNP 981 986 cells cell NNS 986 987 , , , 988 991 may may MD 992 995 act act VB 996 998 in in IN 999 1006 concert concert NN 1007 1011 with with IN 1012 1025 PMA/ionomycin PMA/ionomycin NNP 1026 1035 inducible inducible JJ 1036 1043 factors factor NNS 1043 1044 . . . 1045 1049 Here here RB 1050 1052 we we PRP 1053 1057 show show VBP 1058 1062 that that IN 1063 1067 ETS1 ets1 NN 1068 1071 can can MD 1072 1085 transactivate transactivate VB 1086 1087 a a DT 1088 1094 GM-CSF GM-CSF NNP 1095 1103 reporter reporter NN 1104 1113 construct construct NN 1114 1116 in in IN 1117 1129 unstimulated unstimulated JJ 1130 1136 Jurkat Jurkat NNP 1137 1142 cells cell NNS 1142 1143 , , , 1144 1153 providing provide VBG 1154 1158 that that IN 1159 1165 either either CC 1166 1174 NFkappaB NFkappaB NNP 1175 1177 or or CC 1178 1181 AP1 ap1 NN 1182 1195 transcription transcription NN 1196 1203 factors factor NNS 1204 1207 are be VBP 1208 1216 supplied supply VBN 1217 1219 by by IN 1220 1235 co-transfection co-transfection NN 1235 1236 . . . 1237 1239 We we PRP 1240 1247 confirm confirm VBP 1248 1252 that that IN 1253 1260 binding binding NN 1261 1263 of of IN 1264 1274 endogenous endogenous JJ 1275 1283 NFkappaB NFkappaB NNP 1284 1287 and and CC 1288 1291 AP1 AP1 NNP 1292 1294 is be VBZ 1295 1302 induced induce VBN 1303 1312 following follow VBG 1313 1326 PMA/ionomycin PMA/ionomycin NNP 1327 1336 treatment treatment NN 1337 1339 of of IN 1340 1341 T t NN 1342 1347 cells cell NNS 1347 1348 . . . 1349 1364 Transactivation Transactivation NNP 1365 1367 by by IN 1368 1372 ETS1 ETS1 NNP 1372 1373 , , , 1374 1382 NFkappaB NFkappaB NNP 1383 1386 and and CC 1387 1390 AP1 AP1 NNP 1391 1393 is be VBZ 1394 1405 synergistic synergistic JJ 1405 1406 , , , 1407 1410 and and CC 1411 1419 mutation mutation NN 1420 1422 of of IN 1423 1426 the the DT 1427 1437 individual individual JJ 1438 1445 binding bind VBG 1446 1451 sites site NNS 1452 1459 reveals reveal VBZ 1460 1464 that that IN 1465 1468 the the DT 1469 1484 transcriptional transcriptional JJ 1485 1495 activities activity NNS 1496 1498 of of IN 1499 1504 these these DT 1505 1512 factors factor NNS 1513 1516 are be VBP 1517 1531 interdependent interdependent JJ 1531 1532 . . . 1533 1536 Our our PRP$ 1537 1544 results result NNS 1545 1552 suggest suggest VBP 1553 1557 that that IN 1558 1570 constitutive constitutive JJ 1571 1575 ETS1 ets1 NN 1575 1576 , , , 1577 1580 and and CC 1581 1590 inducible inducible JJ 1591 1599 NFkappaB NFkappaB NNP 1600 1603 and and CC 1604 1607 AP1 AP1 NNP 1607 1608 , , , 1609 1618 cooperate cooperate VBP 1619 1621 as as IN 1622 1626 part part NN 1627 1629 of of IN 1630 1631 a a DT 1632 1638 higher high JJR 1639 1644 order order NN 1645 1660 transcriptional transcriptional JJ 1661 1668 complex complex NN 1669 1671 in in IN 1672 1681 activated activate VBN 1682 1683 T t NN 1684 1689 cells cell NNS 1689 1690 . . .