0 15 Alcohol-induced alcohol-induced JJ 16 26 regulation regulation NN 27 29 of of IN 30 37 nuclear nuclear JJ 38 48 regulatory regulatory JJ 49 61 factor-kappa factor-kappa NN 62 66 beta beta NN 67 69 in in IN 70 75 human human JJ 76 85 monocytes monocyte NNS 85 86 . . . 88 93 Acute acute JJ 94 101 ethanol ethanol NN 102 110 exposure exposure NN 111 114 has have VBZ 115 118 the the DT 119 127 capacity capacity NN 128 130 to to TO 131 139 modulate modulate VB 140 146 immune immune JJ 147 156 functions function NNS 156 157 , , , 158 170 particularly particularly RB 170 171 , , , 172 174 to to TO 175 179 down down RB 180 188 regulate regulate VB 189 197 monocyte monocyte NN 198 208 production production NN 209 211 of of IN 212 224 inflammatory inflammatory JJ 225 234 cytokines cytokine NNS 234 235 . . . 236 243 However however RB 243 244 , , , 245 248 the the DT 249 262 intracellular intracellular JJ 263 273 mechanisms mechanism NNS 274 277 for for IN 278 283 these these DT 284 291 effects effect NNS 292 294 of of IN 295 302 ethanol ethanol NN 303 306 are be VBP 307 310 yet yet RB 311 313 to to TO 314 316 be be VB 317 327 understood understand VBN 327 328 . . . 329 340 Considering consider VBG 341 345 that that IN 346 353 nuclear nuclear JJ 354 364 regulatory regulatory JJ 365 377 factor-kappa factor-kappa NN 378 382 beta beta NN 383 384 ( ( ( 384 392 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 393 399 B)/Rel B)/Rel NNP 400 402 is be VBZ 403 404 a a DT 405 411 common common JJ 412 422 regulatory regulatory JJ 423 430 element element NN 431 433 of of IN 434 437 the the DT 438 446 promoter promoter NN 447 453 region region NN 454 456 of of IN 457 460 the the DT 461 473 inflammatory inflammatory JJ 474 482 cytokine cytokine NN 483 488 genes gene NNS 488 489 , , , 490 496 herein herein RB 496 497 , , , 498 500 we we PRP 501 507 tested test VBD 508 511 the the DT 512 522 hypothesis hypothesis NN 523 527 that that IN 528 533 acute acute JJ 534 541 ethanol ethanol NN 542 549 affects affect VBZ 550 558 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 559 560 B B NNP 561 571 activation activation NN 572 574 in in IN 575 580 human human JJ 581 590 monocytes monocyte NNS 590 591 . . . 592 610 Adherence-isolated adherence-isolated JJ 611 620 monocytes monocyte NNS 621 627 showed show VBD 628 640 constitutive constitutive JJ 641 644 DNA dna NN 645 652 binding binding NN 653 661 activity activity NN 662 664 of of IN 665 673 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 674 676 B. B. NNP 677 678 A a NN 679 689 clinically clinically RB 690 698 relevant relevant JJ 699 703 dose dose NN 704 705 ( ( ( 705 707 25 25 CD 708 710 mM mM NNP 710 711 ) ) ) 712 714 of of IN 715 720 acute acute JJ 721 728 ethanol ethanol NN 729 738 treatment treatment NN 739 741 in in FW 742 747 vitro vitro FW 748 757 increased increase VBN 758 766 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 767 768 B B NNP 769 776 binding binding NN 777 785 activity activity NN 786 788 in in IN 789 798 monocytes monocyte NNS 799 803 with with IN 804 805 a a DT 806 818 preferential preferential JJ 819 828 induction induction NN 829 831 of of IN 832 835 the the DT 836 846 inhibitory inhibitory JJ 846 847 , , , 848 855 p50/p50 p50/p50 NN 855 856 , , , 857 865 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 866 871 B/Rel B/Rel NNP 872 881 homodimer homodimer NN 881 882 , , , 883 886 and and CC 887 895 resulted result VBD 896 898 in in IN 899 901 no no DT 902 911 induction induction NN 912 914 of of IN 915 918 the the DT 919 926 p65/p50 p65/p50 NN 927 938 heterodimer heterodimer NN 938 939 . . . 940 942 In in IN 943 951 contrast contrast NN 951 952 , , , 953 971 lipopolysaccharide lipopolysaccharide NN 972 983 stimulation stimulation NN 984 993 primarily primarily RB 994 1001 induced induce VBD 1002 1005 the the DT 1006 1013 p65/p50 p65/p50 NN 1014 1025 heterodimer heterodimer NN 1026 1030 that that WDT 1031 1034 has have VBZ 1035 1039 been be VBN 1040 1045 shown show VBN 1046 1048 to to TO 1049 1055 result result VB 1056 1058 in in IN 1059 1063 gene gene NN 1064 1074 activation activation NN 1074 1075 . . . 1076 1080 Thus thus RB 1080 1081 , , , 1082 1086 such such JJ 1087 1093 unique unique JJ 1094 1104 activation activation NN 1105 1107 of of IN 1108 1111 the the DT 1112 1122 inhibitory inhibitory JJ 1123 1130 p50/p50 p50/p50 NN 1131 1140 homodimer homodimer NN 1141 1143 by by IN 1144 1149 acute acute JJ 1150 1157 ethanol ethanol NN 1158 1167 treatment treatment NN 1168 1171 may may MD 1172 1178 result result VB 1179 1181 in in IN 1182 1192 inhibition inhibition NN 1193 1199 rather rather RB 1200 1204 than than IN 1205 1215 activation activation NN 1216 1218 of of IN 1219 1227 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 1228 1239 B-regulated b-regulated JJ 1240 1252 inflammatory inflammatory JJ 1253 1261 cytokine cytokine NN 1262 1267 genes gene NNS 1267 1268 . . . 1269 1281 Consequently consequently RB 1281 1282 , , , 1283 1288 these these DT 1289 1296 results result NNS 1297 1304 suggest suggest VBP 1305 1309 that that IN 1310 1325 physiologically physiologically RB 1326 1334 relevant relevant JJ 1335 1349 concentrations concentration NNS 1350 1352 of of IN 1353 1360 ethanol ethanol NN 1361 1364 may may MD 1365 1371 affect affect VB 1372 1382 production production NN 1383 1385 of of IN 1386 1398 inflammatory inflammatory JJ 1399 1408 cytokines cytokine NNS 1408 1409 , , , 1410 1414 such such JJ 1415 1417 as as IN 1418 1423 tumor tumor NN 1424 1432 necrosis necrosis NN 1433 1445 factor-alpha factor-alpha NN 1445 1446 , , , 1447 1460 interleukin-1 interleukin-1 NN 1461 1465 beta beta NN 1465 1466 , , , 1467 1470 and and CC 1471 1484 interleukin-6 interleukin-6 NN 1485 1487 by by IN 1488 1498 disrupting disrupt VBG 1499 1507 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 1508 1509 B B NNP 1510 1519 signaling signaling NN 1520 1522 in in IN 1523 1532 monocytes monocyte NNS 1532 1533 . . .