0 10 Fibrinogen Fibrinogen NNP 11 20 activates activate VBZ 21 29 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 30 31 B B NNP 32 45 transcription transcription NN 46 53 factors factor NNS 54 56 in in IN 57 68 mononuclear mononuclear JJ 69 79 phagocytes phagocyte NNS 79 80 . . . 82 90 Adhesion Adhesion NNP 91 93 to to TO 94 107 extracellular extracellular JJ 108 116 matrices matrix NNS 117 119 is be VBZ 120 125 known know VBN 126 128 to to TO 129 137 modulate modulate VB 138 147 leukocyte leukocyte NN 148 158 activation activation NN 158 159 , , , 160 168 although although IN 169 172 the the DT 173 183 mechanisms mechanism NNS 184 187 are be VBP 188 191 not not RB 192 197 fully fully RB 198 208 understood understand VBN 208 209 . . . 210 221 Mononuclear mononuclear JJ 222 232 phagocytes phagocyte NNS 233 236 are be VBP 237 244 exposed expose VBN 245 247 to to TO 248 257 fibrinous fibrinous JJ 258 269 provisional provisional JJ 270 276 matrix matrix NN 277 287 throughout throughout IN 288 297 migration migration NN 298 302 into into IN 303 315 inflammatory inflammatory JJ 316 320 foci focus NNS 320 321 , , , 322 324 so so RB 325 329 this this DT 330 335 study study NN 336 339 was be VBD 340 350 undertaken undertake VBN 351 353 to to TO 354 363 determine determine VB 364 371 whether whether IN 372 382 fibrinogen fibrinogen NN 383 391 triggers trigger VBZ 392 402 activation activation NN 403 405 of of IN 406 414 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 415 416 B B NNP 417 430 transcription transcription NN 431 438 factors factor NNS 438 439 . . . 440 444 U937 u937 NN 445 450 cells cell NNS 451 465 differentiated differentiate VBN 466 470 with with IN 471 474 PMA PMA NNP 475 477 in in IN 478 489 nonadherent nonadherent JJ 490 497 culture culture NN 498 502 were be VBD 503 508 shown show VBN 509 511 to to TO 512 519 express express VB 520 523 two two CD 524 542 fibrinogen-binding fibrinogen-binding JJ 543 552 integrins integrin NNS 552 553 , , , 554 567 predominately predominately RB 568 578 CD11b/CD18 cd11b/cd18 NN 578 579 , , , 580 583 and and CC 584 586 to to TO 587 588 a a DT 589 595 lesser less JJR 596 602 extent extent NN 602 603 , , , 604 614 CD11c/CD18 cd11c/cd18 NN 614 615 . . . 616 621 Cells cell NNS 622 632 stimulated stimulate VBN 633 637 with with IN 638 648 fibrinogen fibrinogen NN 649 650 ( ( ( 650 656 10-100 10-100 CD 657 672 microg/ml)/Mn2+ microg/ml)/mn2+ NN 673 674 ( ( ( 674 676 50 50 CD 677 683 microM microM NNP 683 684 ) ) ) 685 688 for for IN 689 690 2 2 CD 691 692 h h NN 693 697 were be VBD 698 706 examined examine VBN 707 709 by by IN 710 725 electrophoretic electrophoretic JJ 726 734 mobility mobility NN 735 740 shift shift NN 741 746 assay assay NN 746 747 . . . 748 756 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 757 758 B B NNP 759 769 activation activation NN 769 770 , , , 771 778 minimal minimal JJ 779 781 in in IN 782 794 unstimulated unstimulated JJ 795 800 cells cell NNS 800 801 , , , 802 805 was be VBD 806 819 substantially substantially RB 820 832 up-regulated up-regulate VBN 833 835 by by IN 836 846 fibrinogen fibrinogen NN 846 847 . . . 848 858 Fibrinogen Fibrinogen NNP 859 863 also also RB 864 870 caused cause VBD 871 881 activation activation NN 882 884 of of IN 885 889 AP-1 ap-1 NN 889 890 , , , 891 894 but but CC 895 898 not not RB 899 902 SP1 sp1 NN 903 905 or or CC 906 910 cAMP camp NN 911 919 response response NN 920 935 element-binding element-binding JJ 936 943 protein protein NN 944 945 ( ( ( 945 949 CREB CREB NNP 949 950 ) ) ) 951 958 factors factor NNS 958 959 . . . 960 968 Blocking block VBG 969 973 mAbs mab NNS 974 981 against against IN 982 986 CD18 cd18 NN 987 990 and and CC 991 996 CD11b CD11b NNP 997 1006 abrogated abrogate VBD 1007 1025 fibrinogen-induced fibrinogen-induced JJ 1026 1034 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 1035 1036 B B NNP 1037 1047 activation activation NN 1047 1048 . . . 1049 1051 To to TO 1052 1061 determine determine VB 1062 1065 the the DT 1066 1073 effects effect NNS 1074 1076 on on IN 1077 1092 transcriptional transcriptional JJ 1093 1103 regulation regulation NN 1103 1104 , , , 1105 1109 U937 u937 NN 1110 1115 cells cell NNS 1116 1120 were be VBD 1121 1132 transfected transfecte VBN 1133 1137 with with IN 1138 1139 a a DT 1140 1147 plasmid plasmid NN 1148 1158 containing contain VBG 1159 1162 the the DT 1163 1168 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP 1169 1177 enhancer enhancer NN 1178 1179 ( ( ( 1179 1186 bearing bear VBG 1187 1190 two two CD 1191 1199 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 1200 1201 B B NNP 1202 1207 sites site NNS 1207 1208 ) ) ) 1209 1216 coupled couple VBN 1217 1219 to to TO 1220 1221 a a DT 1222 1237 chloramphenicol chloramphenicol NN 1238 1255 acetyltransferase acetyltransferase NN 1256 1257 ( ( ( 1257 1260 CAT CAT NNP 1260 1261 ) ) ) 1262 1270 reporter reporter NN 1270 1271 . . . 1272 1277 Cells cell NNS 1278 1282 were be VBD 1283 1295 subsequently subsequently RB 1296 1306 stimulated stimulate VBN 1307 1311 with with IN 1312 1313 1 1 LS 1313 1314 ) ) ) 1315 1318 PMA PMA NNP 1319 1322 for for IN 1323 1325 24 24 CD 1326 1327 h h NN 1327 1328 , , , 1329 1337 inducing induce VBG 1338 1341 CAT CAT NNP 1342 1350 activity activity NN 1351 1353 by by IN 1354 1362 2.6-fold 2.6-fold JJ 1362 1363 , , , 1364 1365 2 2 LS 1365 1366 ) ) ) 1367 1382 fibrinogen/Mn2+ fibrinogen/mn2+ NN 1383 1386 for for IN 1387 1388 2 2 CD 1389 1390 h h NN 1390 1391 , , , 1392 1400 inducing induce VBG 1401 1404 CAT CAT NNP 1405 1413 activity activity NN 1414 1416 by by IN 1417 1425 3.2-fold 3.2-fold JJ 1425 1426 , , , 1427 1429 or or CC 1430 1431 3 3 LS 1431 1432 ) ) ) 1433 1446 costimulation costimulation NN 1447 1451 with with IN 1452 1462 fibrinogen fibrinogen NN 1463 1466 and and CC 1467 1470 PMA PMA NNP 1470 1471 , , , 1472 1480 inducing induce VBG 1481 1489 5.7-fold 5.7-fold JJ 1490 1493 the the DT 1494 1497 CAT CAT NNP 1498 1506 activity activity NN 1507 1514 induced induce VBN 1515 1517 by by IN 1518 1521 PMA PMA NNP 1522 1527 alone alone RB 1527 1528 . . . 1529 1531 We we PRP 1532 1540 conclude conclude VBP 1541 1545 that that IN 1546 1553 contact contact NN 1554 1558 with with IN 1559 1577 fibrinogen-derived fibrinogen-derived JJ 1578 1586 proteins protein NNS 1587 1590 may may MD 1591 1601 contribute contribute VB 1602 1604 to to TO 1605 1616 mononuclear mononuclear JJ 1617 1626 phagocyte phagocyte NN 1627 1637 activation activation NN 1638 1640 by by IN 1641 1650 signaling signaling NN 1651 1658 through through IN 1659 1669 CD11b/CD18 cd11b/cd18 NN 1669 1670 , , , 1671 1680 resulting result VBG 1681 1683 in in IN 1684 1693 selective selective JJ 1694 1704 activation activation NN 1705 1707 of of IN 1708 1723 transcriptional transcriptional JJ 1724 1734 regulatory regulatory JJ 1735 1742 factors factor NNS 1742 1743 , , , 1744 1753 including include VBG 1754 1762 NF-kappa NF-kappa NNP 1763 1764 B B NNP 1764 1765 . . .