0 14 X-rays-induced x-rays-induced JJ 15 24 secretion secretion NN 25 27 of of IN 28 36 cellular cellular JJ 37 46 factor(s) factor(s) NNS 47 51 that that WDT 52 62 enhance(s) enhance(s) VBP 63 68 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP 69 77 promoter promoter NN 78 91 transcription transcription NN 92 94 in in IN 95 102 various various JJ 103 117 non-irradiated non-irradiated JJ 118 129 transfected transfecte VBN 130 134 cell cell NN 135 140 lines line NNS 140 141 . . . 143 150 Various various JJ 151 159 cellular cellular JJ 160 166 stress stress NN 167 173 agents agent NNS 174 178 like like IN 179 187 ionizing ionize VBG 188 197 radiation radiation NN 198 206 exposure exposure NN 207 212 could could MD 213 221 activate activate VB 222 227 human human JJ 228 244 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN 245 250 virus virus NN 251 255 type type NN 256 257 1 1 CD 258 259 ( ( ( 259 263 HIV- hiv- NN 264 265 1 1 CD 265 266 ) ) ) 267 278 replication replication NN 279 281 or or CC 282 290 reporter reporter NN 291 295 gene gene NN 296 306 expression expression NN 306 307 . . . 308 310 In in IN 311 319 addition addition NN 319 320 , , , 321 334 extracellular extracellular JJ 335 344 factor(s) factor(s) NN 345 353 released release VBN 354 356 by by IN 357 370 X-ray-treated x-ray-treated JJ 371 376 human human JJ 377 384 colonic colonic JJ 385 394 carcinoma carcinoma NN 395 399 cell cell NN 400 404 line line NN 405 406 ( ( ( 406 410 HT29 ht29 NN 410 411 ) ) ) 412 417 might might MD 418 426 activate activate VB 427 430 the the DT 431 435 long long JJ 436 444 terminal terminal JJ 445 451 repeat repeat NN 452 453 ( ( ( 453 456 LTR LTR NNP 456 457 ) ) ) 458 460 of of IN 461 466 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP 467 469 in in IN 470 484 non-irradiated non-irradiated JJ 485 489 HT29 ht29 NN 490 495 cells cell NNS 495 496 . . . 497 499 In in IN 500 503 the the DT 504 511 present present JJ 512 518 report report NN 519 521 we we PRP 522 526 show show VBP 527 531 that that IN 532 534 in in IN 535 542 various various JJ 543 554 transiently transiently RB 555 557 or or CC 558 564 stably stably RB 565 576 transfected transfecte VBN 577 581 cell cell NN 582 587 lines line NNS 587 588 , , , 589 594 X-ray x-ray NN 595 606 irradiation irradiation NN 607 619 up-regulates up-regulate VBZ 620 625 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP 626 629 LTR LTR NNP 630 643 transcription transcription NN 644 651 through through IN 652 655 the the DT 656 662 kappaB kappab NN 663 673 regulatory regulatory JJ 674 682 elements element NNS 682 683 . . . 684 685 A a DT 686 695 factor(s) factor(s) NN 695 696 , , , 697 702 which which WDT 703 705 is be VBZ 706 715 processed process VBN 716 718 by by IN 719 722 and and CC 723 727 acts act VBZ 728 732 upon upon IN 733 734 a a DT 735 742 variety variety NN 743 745 of of IN 746 750 cell cell NN 751 756 types type NNS 756 757 , , , 758 761 was be VBD 762 770 detected detect VBN 771 773 by by IN 774 782 addition addition NN 783 785 to to TO 786 800 non-irradiated non-irradiated JJ 801 806 cells cell NNS 807 809 of of IN 810 816 either either CC 817 830 X-ray-treated x-ray-treated JJ 831 836 cells cell NNS 837 839 or or CC 840 841 a a DT 842 853 conditioned conditioned JJ 854 860 medium medium NN 861 866 taken take VBN 867 871 from from IN 872 882 irradiated irradiated JJ 883 891 cultures culture NNS 891 892 . . . 893 896 The the DT 897 906 magnitude magnitude NN 907 909 of of IN 910 924 responsiveness responsiveness NN 925 927 is be VBZ 928 932 cell cell NN 933 937 type type NN 938 947 dependent dependent JJ 947 948 . . . 949 951 In in IN 952 960 addition addition NN 960 961 , , , 962 967 X-ray x-ray NN 968 978 activation activation NN 979 981 of of IN 982 987 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP 988 991 LTR LTR NNP 992 994 in in IN 995 1006 transiently transiently RB 1007 1009 or or CC 1010 1016 stably stably RB 1017 1028 transfected transfecte VBN 1029 1033 cell cell NN 1034 1039 lines line NNS 1040 1042 is be VBZ 1043 1052 inhibited inhibit VBN 1053 1055 by by IN 1056 1057 a a DT 1058 1064 potent potent JJ 1065 1076 antioxidant antioxidant JJ 1077 1081 drug drug NN 1081 1082 , , , 1083 1094 pyrrolidine pyrrolidine NN 1095 1110 dithiocarbamate dithiocarbamate NN 1111 1114 and and CC 1115 1117 by by IN 1118 1125 another another DT 1126 1130 drug drug NN 1130 1131 , , , 1132 1137 known know VBN 1138 1141 for for IN 1142 1145 its its PRP$ 1146 1150 role role NN 1151 1153 in in IN 1154 1157 the the DT 1158 1166 trapping trapping NN 1167 1169 of of IN 1170 1176 growth growth NN 1177 1184 factors factor NNS 1184 1185 , , , 1186 1193 suramin suramin NN 1193 1194 . . . 1195 1198 The the DT 1199 1209 importance importance NN 1210 1212 of of IN 1213 1218 these these DT 1219 1231 observations observation NNS 1232 1234 in in IN 1235 1238 the the DT 1239 1254 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN 1255 1257 of of IN 1258 1266 patients patient NNS 1267 1271 with with IN 1272 1284 AIDS-related aids-related JJ 1285 1292 cancers cancer NNS 1293 1300 treated treat VBN 1301 1303 by by IN 1304 1316 radiotherapy radiotherapy NN 1317 1324 remains remain VBZ 1325 1327 to to TO 1328 1330 be be VB 1331 1342 established establish VBN 1342 1343 . . .