0 10 Regulation Regulation NNP 11 13 of of IN 14 18 IL-6 IL-6 NNP 19 28 synthesis synthesis NN 29 31 in in IN 32 37 human human JJ 38 48 peripheral peripheral JJ 49 54 blood blood NN 55 66 mononuclear mononuclear JJ 67 72 cells cell NNS 73 75 by by IN 76 79 C3a C3a NNP 80 83 and and CC 84 95 C3a(desArg) C3a(desArg) NNP 95 96 . . . 98 101 The the DT 102 115 anaphylatoxin anaphylatoxin NN 116 119 C3a C3a NNP 120 123 has have VBZ 124 128 been be VBN 129 137 reported report VBN 138 140 to to TO 141 145 have have VB 146 162 immunomodulatory immunomodulatory JJ 163 170 effects effect NNS 171 173 on on IN 174 175 a a DT 176 182 number number NN 183 185 of of IN 186 195 different different JJ 196 200 cell cell NN 201 206 types type NNS 206 207 . . . 208 210 In in IN 211 215 this this DT 216 221 study study NN 222 224 we we PRP 225 237 investigated investigate VBD 238 241 the the DT 242 249 effects effect NNS 250 252 of of IN 253 256 C3a C3a NNP 257 260 and and CC 261 272 C3a(desArg) C3a(desArg) NNP 273 275 on on IN 276 280 gene gene NN 281 291 expression expression NN 292 295 and and CC 296 303 protein protein NN 304 313 secretion secretion NN 314 316 of of IN 317 321 IL-6 il-6 NN 322 324 in in IN 325 330 human human JJ 331 336 PBMCs pbmc NNS 336 337 , , , 338 344 either either CC 345 350 alone alone RB 351 353 or or CC 354 356 in in IN 357 368 combination combination NN 369 373 with with IN 374 377 LPS LPS NNP 378 380 or or CC 381 389 IL-1beta IL-1beta NNP 389 390 . . . 391 394 C3a C3a NNP 395 397 or or CC 398 409 C3a(desArg) C3a(desArg) NNP 410 415 alone alone RB 416 425 exhibited exhibit VBD 426 428 no no DT 429 435 effect effect NN 436 438 on on IN 439 442 the the DT 443 453 expression expression NN 454 456 or or CC 457 466 secretion secretion NN 467 469 of of IN 470 474 IL-6 IL-6 NNP 474 475 . . . 476 483 However however RB 483 484 , , , 485 489 when when WRB 490 494 PBMC PBMC NNP 495 499 were be VBD 500 510 stimulated stimulate VBN 511 515 with with IN 516 519 LPS LPS NNP 520 522 or or CC 523 531 IL-1beta IL-1beta NNP 531 532 , , , 533 537 both both CC 538 541 C3a C3a NNP 542 545 and and CC 546 557 C3a(desArg) C3a(desArg) NNP 558 562 were be VBD 563 568 found find VBN 569 571 to to TO 572 579 enhance enhance VB 580 584 IL-6 il-6 NN 585 592 release release NN 593 595 by by IN 596 600 PBMC PBMC NNP 601 603 in in IN 604 605 a a DT 606 620 dose-dependent dose-dependent JJ 621 627 manner manner NN 627 628 . . . 629 634 Since since IN 635 638 C3a C3a NNP 639 642 has have VBZ 643 647 been be VBN 648 653 shown show VBN 654 656 to to TO 657 663 induce induce VB 664 668 PGE2 pge2 NN 669 679 production production NN 680 682 by by IN 683 692 monocytes monocyte NNS 692 693 , , , 694 697 and and CC 698 702 PGE2 PGE2 NNP 703 706 has have VBZ 707 711 been be VBN 712 717 shown show VBN 718 720 to to TO 721 730 influence influence VB 731 739 cytokine cytokine NN 740 750 production production NN 750 751 , , , 752 754 we we PRP 755 767 investigated investigate VBD 768 771 the the DT 772 781 potential potential JJ 782 786 role role NN 787 789 of of IN 790 794 PGE2 pge2 NN 795 797 in in IN 798 810 C3a-mediated c3a-mediated JJ 811 822 enhancement enhancement NN 823 825 of of IN 826 830 LPS- LPS- NNP 831 834 and and CC 835 851 IL-1beta-induced il-1beta-induced JJ 852 856 IL-6 IL-6 NNP 857 867 production production NN 867 868 . . . 869 881 Indomethacin Indomethacin NNP 882 889 blocked block VBD 890 894 PGE2 pge2 NN 895 902 release release NN 902 903 , , , 904 907 but but CC 908 911 had have VBD 912 914 no no DT 915 924 influence influence NN 925 927 on on IN 928 931 the the DT 932 940 observed observe VBN 941 948 effects effect NNS 949 951 of of IN 952 955 C3a C3a NNP 955 956 , , , 957 967 suggesting suggest VBG 968 972 that that IN 973 976 the the DT 977 984 effects effect NNS 985 987 of of IN 988 991 C3a C3a NNP 992 994 on on IN 995 999 IL-6 IL-6 NNP 1000 1010 production production NN 1011 1014 are be VBP 1015 1026 independent independent JJ 1027 1029 of of IN 1030 1034 PGE2 pge2 NN 1035 1044 formation formation NN 1045 1047 by by IN 1048 1057 monocytes monocyte NNS 1057 1058 . . . 1059 1067 Northern Northern NNP 1068 1072 blot blot NN 1073 1081 analysis analysis NN 1082 1088 showed show VBD 1089 1093 that that IN 1094 1097 C3a C3a NNP 1098 1100 as as RB 1101 1105 well well RB 1106 1108 as as IN 1109 1120 C3a(desArg) c3a(desarg) NN 1121 1129 enhanced enhance VBD 1130 1141 LPS-induced lps-induced JJ 1142 1146 mRNA mrna NN 1147 1153 levels level NNS 1154 1157 for for IN 1158 1162 IL-6 IL-6 NNP 1162 1163 . . . 1164 1176 Pretreatment Pretreatment NNP 1177 1179 of of IN 1180 1185 PBMCs PBMC NNPS 1186 1190 with with IN 1191 1200 pertussis pertussis NN 1201 1206 toxin toxin NN 1207 1214 blocked block VBD 1215 1218 the the DT 1219 1228 functions function NNS 1229 1231 of of IN 1232 1235 C3a C3a NNP 1236 1239 and and CC 1240 1251 C3a(desArg) C3a(desArg) NNP 1251 1252 , , , 1253 1263 indicating indicate VBG 1264 1268 that that IN 1269 1272 the the DT 1273 1280 actions action NNS 1281 1283 of of IN 1284 1289 these these DT 1290 1293 two two CD 1294 1303 molecules molecule NNS 1304 1307 are be VBP 1308 1316 mediated mediate VBN 1317 1319 by by IN 1320 1321 a a DT 1322 1323 G G NNP 1324 1339 protein-coupled protein-coupled JJ 1340 1347 pathway pathway NN 1347 1348 . . . 1349 1360 Furthermore furthermore RB 1360 1361 , , , 1362 1364 we we PRP 1365 1377 investigated investigate VBD 1378 1381 the the DT 1382 1389 effects effect NNS 1390 1392 of of IN 1393 1396 C3a C3a NNP 1397 1400 and and CC 1401 1412 C3a(desArg) C3a(desArg) NNP 1413 1415 on on IN 1416 1425 induction induction NN 1426 1428 of of IN 1429 1438 NF-kappaB NF-kappaB NNP 1439 1442 and and CC 1443 1453 activating activate VBG 1454 1463 protein-1 protein-1 NN 1464 1471 binding binding NN 1471 1472 . . . 1473 1477 Both both DT 1478 1487 molecules molecule NNS 1488 1496 enhanced enhance VBD 1497 1508 LPS-induced lps-induced JJ 1509 1518 NF-kappaB NF-kappaB NNP 1519 1522 and and CC 1523 1533 activating activate VBG 1534 1543 protein-1 protein-1 NN 1544 1551 binding binding NN 1552 1560 activity activity NN 1560 1561 . . . 1562 1567 These these DT 1568 1575 results result NNS 1576 1587 demonstrate demonstrate VBP 1588 1591 the the DT 1592 1600 capacity capacity NN 1601 1603 of of IN 1604 1610 intact intact JJ 1611 1614 C3a C3a NNP 1615 1618 and and CC 1619 1622 its its PRP$ 1623 1634 circulating circulate VBG 1635 1642 des-Arg des-arg NN 1643 1647 form form NN 1648 1650 to to TO 1651 1656 exert exert VB 1657 1672 immunmodulatory immunmodulatory JJ 1673 1680 effects effect NNS 1681 1683 in in FW 1684 1689 vitro vitro FW 1689 1690 . . .