0 9 NF-kappaB NF-kappaB NNP 10 20 activation activation NN 21 23 is be VBZ 24 25 a a DT 26 34 critical critical JJ 35 44 regulator regulator NN 45 47 of of IN 48 53 human human JJ 54 65 granulocyte granulocyte NN 66 75 apoptosis apoptosis NN 76 78 in in FW 79 84 vitro vitro FW 84 85 . . . 87 93 During during IN 94 104 beneficial beneficial JJ 105 117 inflammation inflammation NN 117 118 , , , 119 130 potentially potentially RB 131 146 tissue-damaging tissue-damaging JJ 147 159 granulocytes granulocyte NNS 160 167 undergo undergo VBP 168 177 apoptosis apoptosis NN 178 184 before before IN 185 190 being be VBG 191 198 cleared clear VBN 199 201 by by IN 202 212 phagocytes phagocyte NNS 213 215 in in IN 216 217 a a DT 218 232 non-phlogistic non-phlogistic JJ 233 239 manner manner NN 239 240 . . . 241 245 Here here RB 246 248 we we PRP 249 253 show show VBP 254 258 that that IN 259 262 the the DT 263 267 rate rate NN 268 270 of of IN 271 283 constitutive constitutive JJ 284 293 apoptosis apoptosis NN 294 296 in in IN 297 302 human human JJ 303 314 neutrophils neutrophil NNS 315 318 and and CC 319 330 eosinophils eosinophil NNS 331 333 is be VBZ 334 341 greatly greatly RB 342 353 accelerated accelerate VBN 354 356 in in IN 357 361 both both CC 362 363 a a DT 364 369 rapid rapid JJ 370 373 and and CC 374 397 concentration-dependent concentration-dependent JJ 398 404 manner manner NN 405 407 by by IN 408 411 the the DT 412 418 fungal fungal JJ 419 429 metabolite metabolite NN 430 439 gliotoxin gliotoxin NN 439 440 , , , 441 444 but but CC 445 448 not not RB 449 451 by by IN 452 455 its its PRP$ 456 464 inactive inactive JJ 465 471 analog analog NN 472 491 methylthiogliotoxin methylthiogliotoxin NN 491 492 . . . 493 497 This this DT 498 507 induction induction NN 508 510 of of IN 511 520 apoptosis apoptosis NN 521 524 was be VBD 525 534 abolished abolish VBN 535 537 by by IN 538 541 the the DT 542 549 caspase caspase NN 550 559 inhibitor inhibitor NN 560 568 zVAD-fmk zvad-fmk NN 568 569 , , , 570 580 correlated correlate VBD 581 585 with with IN 586 589 the the DT 590 600 inhibition inhibition NN 601 603 of of IN 604 611 nuclear nuclear JJ 612 624 factor-kappa factor-kappa NN 625 626 B B NNP 627 628 ( ( ( 628 637 NF-kappaB NF-kappaB NNP 637 638 ) ) ) 638 639 , , , 640 643 and and CC 644 647 was be VBD 648 656 mimicked mimic VBN 657 659 by by IN 660 661 a a DT 662 666 cell cell NN 667 676 permeable permeable JJ 677 687 inhibitory inhibitory JJ 688 695 peptide peptide NN 696 698 of of IN 699 708 NF-kappaB NF-kappaB NNP 708 709 , , , 710 715 SN-50 SN-50 NNP 715 716 ; ; : 717 722 other other JJ 723 732 NF-kappaB NF-kappaB NNP 733 743 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 743 744 , , , 745 753 curcumin curcumin NN 754 757 and and CC 758 769 pyrrolidine pyrrolidine NN 770 785 dithiocarbamate dithiocarbamate NN 785 786 ; ; : 787 790 and and CC 791 794 the the DT 795 805 proteasome proteasome NN 806 815 inhibitor inhibitor NN 815 816 , , , 817 823 MG-132 MG-132 NNP 823 824 . . . 825 834 Gliotoxin Gliotoxin NNP 835 839 also also RB 840 849 augmented augment VBD 850 862 dramatically dramatically RB 863 866 the the DT 867 872 early early JJ 873 874 ( ( ( 874 877 2-6 2-6 CD 878 879 h h NN 879 880 ) ) ) 881 894 pro-apoptotic pro-apoptotic JJ 895 902 effects effect NNS 903 905 of of IN 906 911 tumor tumor NN 912 920 necrosis necrosis NN 921 933 factor-alpha factor-alpha NN 934 935 ( ( ( 935 944 TNF-alpha TNF-alpha NNP 944 945 ) ) ) 946 948 in in IN 949 960 neutrophils neutrophil NNS 961 964 and and CC 965 973 unmasked unmask VBD 974 977 the the DT 978 985 ability ability NN 986 988 of of IN 989 998 TNF-alpha TNF-alpha NNP 999 1001 to to TO 1002 1008 induce induce VB 1009 1019 eosinophil eosinophil NN 1020 1029 apoptosis apoptosis NN 1029 1030 . . . 1031 1033 In in IN 1034 1045 neutrophils neutrophil NNS 1045 1046 , , , 1047 1056 TNF-alpha TNF-alpha NNP 1057 1063 caused cause VBD 1064 1065 a a DT 1066 1087 gliotoxin-inhibitable gliotoxin-inhibitable JJ 1088 1098 activation activation NN 1099 1101 of of IN 1102 1104 an an DT 1105 1114 inducible inducible JJ 1115 1119 form form NN 1120 1122 of of IN 1123 1132 NF-kappaB NF-kappaB NNP 1132 1133 , , , 1134 1135 a a DT 1136 1144 response response NN 1145 1149 that that WDT 1150 1153 may may MD 1154 1162 underlie underlie VB 1163 1166 the the DT 1167 1174 ability ability NN 1175 1177 of of IN 1178 1187 TNF-alpha TNF-alpha NNP 1188 1190 to to TO 1191 1196 delay delay VB 1197 1206 apoptosis apoptosis NN 1207 1209 at at IN 1210 1215 later later JJ 1216 1221 times time NNS 1222 1223 ( ( ( 1223 1228 12-24 12-24 CD 1229 1230 h h NN 1230 1231 ) ) ) 1232 1235 and and CC 1236 1241 limit limit VB 1242 1245 its its PRP$ 1246 1251 early early JJ 1252 1259 killing killing NN 1260 1266 effect effect NN 1266 1267 . . . 1268 1279 Furthermore furthermore RB 1279 1280 , , , 1281 1294 cycloheximide cycloheximide NN 1295 1304 displayed display VBD 1305 1306 a a DT 1307 1314 similar similar JJ 1315 1323 capacity capacity NN 1324 1326 to to TO 1327 1334 enhance enhance VB 1335 1344 TNF-alpha TNF-alpha NNP 1345 1352 induced induced JJ 1353 1363 neutrophil neutrophil NN 1364 1373 apoptosis apoptosis NN 1374 1378 even even RB 1379 1381 at at IN 1382 1386 time time NN 1387 1393 points point NNS 1394 1398 when when WRB 1399 1412 cycloheximide cycloheximide NN 1413 1418 alone alone RB 1419 1422 had have VBD 1423 1425 no no DT 1426 1439 pro-apoptotic pro-apoptotic JJ 1440 1446 effect effect NN 1446 1447 , , , 1448 1458 suggesting suggest VBG 1459 1463 that that IN 1464 1473 NF-kappaB NF-kappaB NNP 1474 1477 may may MD 1478 1486 regulate regulate VB 1487 1490 the the DT 1491 1501 production production NN 1502 1504 of of IN 1505 1515 protein(s) protein(s) NNP 1516 1521 which which WDT 1522 1529 protect protect VBP 1530 1541 neutrophils neutrophil NNS 1542 1546 from from IN 1547 1550 the the DT 1551 1560 cytotoxic cytotoxic JJ 1561 1568 effects effect NNS 1569 1571 of of IN 1572 1581 TNF-alpha TNF-alpha NNP 1581 1582 . . . 1583 1588 These these DT 1589 1593 data datum NNS 1594 1598 shed shed VBD 1599 1604 light light NN 1605 1607 on on IN 1608 1611 the the DT 1612 1623 biochemical biochemical JJ 1624 1627 and and CC 1628 1637 molecular molecular JJ 1638 1648 mechanisms mechanism NNS 1649 1659 regulating regulate VBG 1660 1665 human human JJ 1666 1677 granulocyte granulocyte NN 1678 1687 apoptosis apoptosis NN 1688 1691 and and CC 1691 1692 , , , 1693 1695 in in IN 1696 1706 particular particular JJ 1706 1707 , , , 1708 1716 indicate indicate VBP 1717 1721 that that IN 1722 1725 the the DT 1726 1739 transcription transcription NN 1740 1746 factor factor NN 1747 1756 NF-kappaB NF-kappaB NNP 1757 1762 plays play VBZ 1763 1764 a a DT 1765 1772 crucial crucial JJ 1773 1777 role role NN 1778 1780 in in IN 1781 1791 regulating regulate VBG 1792 1795 the the DT 1796 1809 physiological physiological JJ 1810 1814 cell cell NN 1815 1820 death death NN 1821 1828 pathway pathway NN 1829 1831 in in IN 1832 1844 granulocytes granulocyte NNS 1844 1845 . . .