[5-1 |] On IN on ice NN ice and CC and snow NN snow [5-2 |] Glacier NP Glacier guiding VVG guide [5-3 |] Even RB Even if IN if you PP you have VHP have n't RB not taken VVN take a DT a glacier NN glacier course NN course or CC or do VVP do n't RB not hike NN hike with IN with someone NN someone who WP who has VHZ have the DT the relevant JJ relevant skills NNS skill in IN in safe JJ safe glacier NN glacier techniques NNS technique , , , you PP you can MD can experience VV experience glacier NN glacier hiking VVG hike . SENT . [5-4 |] In IN in the DT the summer NN summer , , , guides NNS guide go VVP go on IN on some DT some glaciers NNS glacier in IN in the DT the Jotunheimen NP . SENT . [5-5 |] Within IN within the DT the part NN part of IN of the DT the Jotunheimen NP described VVD describe in IN in this DT this brochure NN brochure , , , there EX there 's VBZ be guiding JJ guiding on IN on Svellnosbreen NP from IN from Spiterstulen NP and CC and Veobreen NP from IN from Glitterheim NP . SENT . [5-6 |] Besides RB besides , , , DNT NP OA NP arranges VVZ arrange a DT a glacier NN glacier course NN course every DT every summer NN summer ; : ; you PP you should MD should join VV join it PP it if IN if you PP you wish VVP wish to TO to learn VV learn more JJR more about IN about safe JJ safe glacier NN glacier techniques NNS technique . SENT . [5-7 |]

[5-8 |] Ski JJ ski tours NNS tour in IN in the DT the Jotunheimen NP [5-9 |] Summer NPS Summer in IN in the DT the Jotunheimen NP can MD can be VB be an DT an adventure NN adventure , , , but CC but it PP it 's VBZ be not RB not a DT a bad JJ bad place NN place to TO to visit VV visit in IN in winter NN winter either RB either . SENT . [5-10 |] Ski NN ski tours NNS tour in IN in the DT the high JJ high mountains NNS mountain require VVP require more JJR more preparations NNS preparation and CC and abilities NNS ability than IN than hikes NNS hike , , , but CC but with IN with the DT the right JJ right gear NN gear and CC and common JJ common sense NN sense , , , it PP it 's VBZ be easy JJ easy to TO to go VV go from IN from lodge VV lodge to TO to lodge VV lodge in IN in the DT the winter NN winter mountains NNS mountain . SENT . [5-11 |] It PP it 's VBZ be of IN of course NN course also RB also possible JJ possible to TO to stay VV stay at IN at lodges NNS lodge and CC and take VV take day NN day trips NNS trip in IN in the DT the wintertime NN wintertime . SENT . [5-12 |] In IN in this DT this part NN part of IN of the DT the Jotunheimen NP , , , the DT the following VVG follow routes NNS route are VBP be marked VVN mark in IN in the DT the Easter NP Easter mountains NNS mountain : : : [5-13 |] Gjendesheim/Bessheim NP - : - Glitterheim NP , , , glitterheim-Spiterstulen NN , , , Spiterstulen NP - : - Leirvassbu NP , , , Leirvassbu NP - : - Gjendebu NP , , , Gjendebu NP - : - Memurubu NP , , , Memurubu NP - : - Gjendesheim NP , , , Memurubu NP - : - Glitterheim NP , , , Bessheim NP - : - Sikkilsdalsseter NP , , , Gjendesheim NP - : - Oskampen VV [5-14 |] For IN for further JJ further details NNS detail , , , see VVP see the DT the information NN information from IN from DNT NP for IN for each DT each winter NN winter season NN season and CC and the DT the book NN book " `` " På NP ski JJ ski I NN I fjellet NN " '' " , , , published VVN publish by IN by the DT the Touring VVG tour Association NP Association in IN in 1991 CD @card@ . SENT . [5-15 |]

[5-16 |] Hiking VVG hike gear NN gear [5-17 |] Mountain NP Mountain weather NN weather is VBZ be unpredictable JJ unpredictable and CC and changing VVG change ; : ; consequently RB consequently it PP it 's VBZ be best RB best to TO to be VB be prepared VVN prepare for IN for the DT the worst JJS bad . SENT . [5-18 |] You PP you should MD should expect VV expect rain NN rain and CC and wind NN wind , , , and CC and even RB even of IN of a DT a summer NN summer day NN day , , , it PP it can MD can snow NN snow . SENT . [5-19 |] So RB So it PP it 's VBZ be always RB always necessary JJ necessary to TO to take VV take along IN along warm JJ warm clothes NNS clothe and CC and good JJ good water-repellent JJ water-repellent and CC and windproof JJ garments NNS garment whenever WRB whenever you PP you intend VVP intend to TO to go VV go on IN on longer JJR long hikes NNS hike in IN in the DT the high JJ high mountains NNS mountain . SENT . [5-20 |] And CC and not RB not least JJS least something NN something decent JJ decent to TO to have VH have on IN on your PP$ your feet NNS foot . SENT . [5-21 |] Good JJ good footwear NN footwear is VBZ be half RB half the DT the hike NN hike . SENT . [5-22 |] In IN in the DT the summer NN summer , , , suitable JJ suitable footwear NN footwear probably RB probably is VBZ be the DT the most RBS most important JJ important item NN item you PP you wear VVP wear in IN in the DT the mountains NNS mountain , , , so RB so it PP it 's VBZ be sensible JJ sensible to TO to carefully RB carefully consider VV consider your PP$ your choice NN choice of IN of boots NNS boot . SENT . [5-23 |] For IN for most JJS most people NNS people , , , it PP it 's VBZ be best RB best to TO to rely VV rely on IN on decent JJ decent leather NN leather boots NNS boot , , , particularly RB particularly in IN in as IN as demanding VVG demand terrain NN terrane as IN as in IN in the DT the Jotunheimen NP . SENT . [5-24 |] Good JJ good boots NNS boot provide VVP provide support NN support for IN for your PP$ your legs NNS leg and CC and good JJ good grip NN grippe on IN on the DT the ground NN ground . SENT . [5-25 |] They PP they keep VVP keep your PP$ your feet NNS foot relatively RB relatively dry JJ dry , , , both CC both from IN from moisture NN moisture from IN from the DT the outside NN outside and CC and sweat NN sweat from IN from the DT the inside NN inside , , , and CC and need MD need not RB not be VB be particularly RB particularly heavy JJ heavy . SENT . [5-26 |] When WRB when you PP you know VVP know that IN that the DT the tour NN tour will MD will mostly RB mostly go VV go in IN in very RB very wet JJ wet terrain NN terrane , , , rubber NN rubber boots NNS boot can MD can be VB be a DT a natural JJ natural choice NN choice of IN of footgear NN footgear , , , provided VVD provided you PP you have VHP have strong JJ strong legs NNS leg . SENT . [5-27 |] There EX There also RB also are VBP be those DT those who WP who wear VVP wear jogging VVG jog shoes NNS shoe on IN on mountain NN mountain hikes NNS hike , , , regardless RB regardless of IN of the DT the weather NN weather . SENT . [5-28 |] Even RB Even though IN though the DT the track NN track they PP they will MD will walk VV walk is VBZ be n't RB not particularly RB particularly dry JJ dry or CC or the DT the terrain NN terrane especially RB especially easy JJ easy to TO to walk VV walk , , , they PP they choose VVP choose jogging VVG jog shoes NNS shoe . SENT . [5-29 |] If IN if you PP you have VHP have strong JJ strong legs NNS leg and CC and are VBP be n't RB not reluctant JJ reluctant to TO to walk VV walk wet JJ wet the DT the whole JJ whole day NN day , , , of IN of course NN course that WDT that may MD may be VB be a DT a solution NN solution . SENT . [5-30 |] As IN as with IN with most JJS most other JJ other mountain NN mountain equipment NN equipment , , , with IN with footwear NN footwear you PP you must MD must find VV find the DT the compromise NN compromise that WDT that suits VVZ suit you PP you and CC and your PP$ your needs NNS need . SENT . [5-31 |] If IN if you PP you must MD must buy VV buy new JJ new boots NNS boot for IN for a DT a mountain NN mountain tour NN tour , , , it PP it 's VBZ be smart JJ smart to TO to have VH have tried VVN try them PP them out RP out well RB well in IN in advance NN advance . SENT . [5-32 |] Save VV save from IN from boots NNS boot , , , it PP it is VBZ be , , , however RB however , , , not RB not necessary JJ necessary to TO to buy VV buy expensive JJ expensive , , , special JJ special equipment NN equipment for IN for summer NN summer hiking VVG hike in IN in the DT the mountains NNS mountain . SENT . [5-33 |] Most JJS most people NNS people already RB already have VH have wool NN wool underwear NN underwear , , , a DT a heavy JJ heavy shirt NN shirt , , , hiking VVG hike pants NNS pant and CC and a DT a warm JJ warm sweater NN sweater . SENT . [5-34 |] Rainwear NN rainwear and CC and a DT a weatherbreaker NN jacket NN jacket are VBP be also RB also found VVN find in IN in most JJS most wardrobes NNS wardrobe . SENT . [5-35 |] If IN if you PP you also RB also take VVP take along IN along a DT a warm JJ warm cap NN cap and CC and a DT a pair NN pair of IN of gloves NNS glove , , , you PP you are VBP be well RB well prepared VVN prepare for IN for most JJS most types NNS type of IN of weather NN weather ( ( ( moreover RB moreover , , , see VVP see the DT the equipment NN equipment list NN list ) ) ) . SENT . [5-36 |] DNT NP has VHZ have tested VVN test several JJ several types NNS type of IN of mountain NN mountain gear NN gear and CC and can MD can give VV give you PP you further JJ further advice NN advice if IN if there EX there is VBZ be anything NN anything you PP you want VVP want to TO to know VV know . SENT . [5-37 |]

[5-38 |] Equipment NN equipment list NN list for IN for summer NN summer hikes NNS hike with IN with nights NNS night in IN in lodges NNS lodge [5-39 |] The DT the list NN list has VHZ have been VBN be compiled VVN compile by IN by the DT the Touring VVG tour Association NN association on IN on the DT the basis NN basis of IN of long JJ long experience NN experience on IN on what WP what 's VBZ be generally RB generally sensible JJ sensible to TO to have VH have on IN on and CC and with IN with you PP you in IN in the DT the mountains NNS mountain on IN on a DT a summer NN summer day NN day . SENT . [5-40 |] If IN if the DT the weather NN weather 's VBZ be warm JJ warm , , , you PP you will MD will have VH have more JJR more in IN in your PP$ your pack NN pack ; : ; if IN if it PP it 's VBZ be colder JJR cold , , , you PP you 'll MD will wear VV wear more RBR more . SENT . [5-41 |]

[5-42 |] Clothing NN clothing [5-43 |] Underpants NN underpants [5-44 |] Undershirt NN undershirt , , , short JJ short or CC or long RB long armed JJ armed ( ( ( of IN of wool NN wool or CC or another DT another material NN material suitable JJ suitable for IN for the DT the mountains NNS mountain ) ) ) [5-45 |] Shirt NN shirt or CC or light JJ light sweater NN sweater [5-46 |] Pants NNS pant or CC or knickers NN knickers of IN of cotton NN cotton ( ( ( or CC or similar JJ similar material NN material ) ) ) [5-47 |] Wool NP Wool socks NNS sock [5-48 |] Long JJ long wool NN wool stockings NNS stocking [5-49 |] Boots NP Boots [5-50 |]

[5-51 |] In IN in your PP$ your pack NN pack or CC or pockets NNS pocket : : : [5-52 |] Anorak/wind NP jacket NN jacket [5-53 |] Wind NP Wind pants NNS pant [5-54 |] Cap NP Cap [5-55 |] Scarf NN scarf [5-56 |] Sweater/jacket NN of IN of wool NN wool or CC or fleece NN fleece [5-57 |] Rainwear NN rainwear ( ( ( if IN if your PP$ your windproof NN clothing NN clothing also RB also is VBZ be suitable JJ suitable as IN as rainwear NN rainwear ) ) ) [5-58 |] Spare NP Spare undershirt NN undershirt , , , of IN of wool NN wool or CC or another DT another material NN material suitable JJ suitable for IN for the DT the mountains NNS mountain [5-59 |] Spare NP Spare underpants NN underpants , , , of IN of wool NN wool or CC or another DT another material NN material suitable JJ suitable for IN for the DT the mountains NNS mountain [5-60 |] Light NN light indoor JJ indoor shoes NNS shoe [5-61 |] Light NN light indoor JJ indoor clothing NN clothing [5-62 |] Gloves/mittens NP [5-63 |] Short NP Short pants NNS pant [5-64 |] Lunch NN lunch pack NN pack [5-65 |] Thermos NN thermos [5-66 |] Map NN map and CC and compass NN compass [5-67 |] Map NN map folder NN folder , , , preferably RB preferably with IN with pencil NN pencil and CC and paper NN paper [5-68 |] Mosquito NN mosquito repellent JJ repellent [5-69 |] Toilet NN toilet articles NNS article [5-70 |] Towel NN towel [5-71 |] Sheet NN sheet sleeping VVG sleep sack NN sack or CC or sleeping NN sleeping bag NN bag [5-72 |] First NP First aid NN aid kit NN kit [5-73 |] Boot NP Boot waterproofing VVG waterproof [5-74 |] Sun NP Sun glasses NNS glass [5-75 |] Suntan NN suntan cream NN cream [5-76 |] Emergency NN emergency ration NN ration ( ( ( such JJ such as IN as chocolate NN chocolate ) ) ) [5-77 |] Matches VVZ match [5-78 |] Keys NP Keys ( ( ( to TO to lodges NNS lodge , , , home NN home , , , car NN car ) ) ) [5-79 |] Membership NN membership card NN card , , , Touring VVG tour Association NP Association [5-80 |]

[5-81 |] This DT this sort NN sort of IN of equipment NN equipment in IN in an DT an ordinary JJ ordinary rucksack NN rucksack will MD will weigh VV weigh 7 CD 7 - : - 10 CD @card@ kg NN . SENT . [5-82 |]

[5-83 |] For IN for tenting VVG tent in IN in the DT the mountains NNS mountain in IN in summer NN summer you PP you should MD should also RB also have VH have : : : [5-84 |] Sleeping VVG sleep bag NN bag [5-85 |] Sleeping NN sleeping pad NN pad [5-86 |] Cookset NP and CC and fuel NN fuel [5-87 |] Plates NNS plate and CC and cutlery NN cutlery [5-88 |] Food NP Food [5-89 |] Tent NP Tent [5-90 |]

[5-91 |] Take VVP take children NNS child to TO to the DT the mountains NNS mountain [5-92 |] It PP it 's VBZ be enjoyable JJ enjoyable to TO to take VV take children NNS child along RP along to TO to the DT the mountains NNS mountain . SENT . [5-93 |] It PP it 's VBZ be a DT a new JJ new way NN way to TO to experience VV experience the DT the outdoors RB outdoors for IN for us PP us adults NNS adult also RB also . SENT . [5-94 |] In IN in any DT any case NN case , , , in IN in the DT the beginning NN beginning it PP it 's VBZ be sensible JJ sensible to TO to base VV base your PP$ your venture NN venture on IN on staying VVG stay at IN at a DT a tourist NN tourist lodge VV lodge and CC and going VVG go on IN on outings NNS outing around IN around the DT the lodge NN lodge . SENT . [5-95 |] If IN if you PP you wish VVP wish to TO to go VV go from IN from lodge VV lodge to TO to lodge VV lodge with IN with children NNS child , , , you PP you should MD should try VV try it PP it gradually RB gradually . SENT . [5-96 |] Some DT some children NNS child can MD can go VV go from IN from lodge VV lodge to TO to lodge VV lodge at IN at age NN age five CD five ; : ; others NNS other probably RB probably are VBP be n't RB not interested JJ interested before IN before they PP they are VBP be eight CD eight or CC or nine CD nine . SENT . [5-97 |] It PP it varies VVZ vary from IN from child NN child to TO to child NN child , , , and CC and the DT the most RBS most foolish JJ foolish thing NN thing we PP we parents NNS parent can MD can do VV do is VBZ be to TO to push VV push children NNS child on IN on tours NNS tour for IN for which WDT which they PP they are VBP be n't RB not motivated VVN motivate . SENT . [5-98 |] In IN in the DT the beginning NN beginning , , , hikes NNS hike of IN of up IN up to TO to four CD four hours NNS hour can MD can be VB be satisfactory JJ satisfactory . SENT . [5-99 |] Count NN count on IN on taking VVG take twice RB twice the DT the number NN number of IN of hours NNS hour given VVN give on IN on the DT the map NN map at IN at the DT the back NN back of IN of the DT the brochure NN brochure . SENT . [5-100 |] Here RB here you PP you must MD must allow VV allow time NN time for IN for frequent JJ frequent and CC and long JJ long rests NNS rest and CC and lots NNS lot of IN of time NN time to TO to wonderment NN wonderment and CC and exploration NN exploration . SENT . [5-101 |] Children NNS child can MD can ask VV ask more JJR more than IN than ten CD ten wise JJ wise men NNS man can MD can explain VV explain , , , so RB so it PP it 's VBZ be best RB best to TO to be VB be a DT a little RB little prepared VVN prepare , , , for IN for example NN example with IN with a DT a small JJ small mountain NN mountain flora NN flora in IN in your PP$ your chest NN chest pocket NN pocket . SENT . [5-102 |] If IN if you PP you 've VHP have thought VVN think in IN in advance NN advance about IN about what WP what sort NN sort of IN of activities NNS activity the DT the family NN family can MD can engage VV engage in IN in on IN on the DT the way NN way , , , it PP it 's VBZ be easier JJR easy to TO to motivate VV motivate small JJ small legs NNS leg to TO to hike NN hike onwards RB onward . SENT . [5-103 |] Several JJ several tourist NN tourist lodges NNS lodge have VHP have with IN with time NN time adapted VVD adapt well RB well to TO to families NNS family with IN with children NNS child . SENT . [5-104 |] They PP they often RB often have VHP have both DT both games NNS game and CC and children NNS child 's POS 's book NN book to TO to loan VV loan out RP out . SENT . [5-105 |]

[5-106 |] Map NN map and CC and compass VV compass [5-107 |] The DT the maps NNS map at IN at the DT the back NN back of IN of this DT this book NN book are VBP be in IN in 1:100,000 CD @card@ scale NN scale . SENT . [5-108 |] This DT this means VVZ mean that IN that a DT a centimeter NN centimetre on IN on the DT the map NN map is VBZ be a DT a kilometer NN kilometre in IN in terrain NN terrane . SENT . [5-109 |] They PP they are VBP be suitable JJ suitable for IN for planning VVG plan and CC and taking VVG take hikes NNS hike along IN along marked JJ marked routes NNS route . SENT . [5-110 |] If IN if you PP you ramble VV ramble away RB away from IN from the DT the trails NNS trail , , , I PP I recommend VVP recommend that IN that you PP you also RB also acquire VV acquire maps NNS map in IN in 1:50,000 CD @card@ scale NN scale . SENT . [5-111 |] All DT all of IN of Norway NP Norway is VBZ be covered VVN cover by IN by this DT this type NN type of IN of map NN map . SENT . [5-112 |] Even RB Even though IN though the DT the routs NNS rout in IN in this DT this book NN book are VBP be marked VVN mark and CC and described VVN describe , , , there EX there 's VBZ be no DT no doubt NN doubt that IN that a DT a map NN map and CC and compass NN compass belong VVP belong on IN on a DT a trip NN trip . SENT . [5-113 |] Regrettably RB regrettably , , , there EX there are VBP be a DT a few JJ few too RB too many JJ many who WP who forget VVP forget that IN that , , , and CC and experience NN experience has VHZ have shown VVN show that IN that many DT many who WP who have VHP have map NN map and CC and compass NN compass have VHP have not RB not learned VVN learn how WRB how to TO to use VV use these DT these aids NNS aid . SENT . [5-114 |] If IN if you PP you are VBP be to TO to be VB be a DT a confident JJ confident at IN at orienteering NN orienteering in IN in mountains NNS mountain and CC and woods NNS wood , , , you PP you must MD must practice VV practice a DT a log NN log , , , and CC and that DT that 's VBZ be where WRB where many JJ many hikers NNS hiker fall VVP fall flat JJ flat . SENT . [5-115 |] They PP they follow VVP follow marking VVG mark in IN in the DT the belief NN belief that IN that it PP it 's VBZ be so RB so good JJ good that IN that it PP it is VBZ be n't RB not necessary JJ necessary to TO to follow VV follow along RP along on IN on the DT the map NN map . SENT . [5-116 |] As IN as a DT a rule NN rule , , , the DT the hike NN hike goes VVZ go well RB well anyway RB anyway . SENT . [5-117 |] But CC but in IN in many JJ many cases NNS case , , , you PP you can MD can be VB be lead VVN lead astray RB astray if IN if you PP you do VVP do n't RB not know VV know exactly RB exactly where WRB where you PP you are VBP be and CC and what WP what you PP you have VHP have around IN around you PP you of IN of the DT the landscape NN landscape . SENT . [5-118 |] When WRB when in RB in good JJ good weather NN weather you PP you 're VBP be following VVG follow a DT a marked JJ marked trail NN trail , , , you PP you should MD should take VV take the DT the opportunity NN opportunity to TO to practice NN practice skills NNS skill , , , so RB so that IN that you PP you become VVP become confident JJ confident in IN in map NN map and CC and compass NN compass use NN use . SENT . [5-119 |] When WRB when bad JJ bad weather NN weather comes VVZ come , , , it PP it 's VBZ be too RB too late JJ late . SENT . [5-120 |] If IN if you PP you loose RB loose track VVP track of IN of the DT the marking VVG mark and CC and your PP$ your sense NN sense of IN of direction NN direction , , , it PP it can MD can be VB be vital JJ vital to TO to know VV know where WRB where you PP you are VBP be on IN on the DT the map NN map and CC and to TO to be VB be able JJ able to TO to find VV find a DT a bearing NN bearing with IN with the DT the compass NN compass and CC and find VV find your PP$ your way NN way back RB back to TO to the DT the marking VVG mark . SENT . [5-121 |] Those DT those who WP who do VVP do n't RB not use VV use map NN map and CC and compass NN compass , , , have VHP have moreover RB moreover a DT a lesser JJR lesser experience NN experience of IN of the DT the mountains NNS mountain . SENT . [5-122 |] Much RB much of IN of the DT the joy NN joy of IN of a DT a mountain NN mountain trip NN trip is VBZ be precisely RB precisely to TO to learn VV learn to TO to know VV know a DT a new JJ new area NN area and CC and to TO to learn VV learn the DT the names NNS name of IN of mountains NNS mountain and CC and formations NNS formation as IN as you PP you ramble VV ramble by IN by . SENT . [5-123 |] So RB So you PP you should MD should make VV make a DT a hibit NN of IN of following VVG follow along RP along with IN with the DT the map NN map on IN on the DT the way NN way , , , so RB so you PP you always RB always know VVP know where WRB where you PP you are VBP be . SENT . [5-124 |]

[5-125 |] Taking VVG take a DT a bearing NN bearing [5-126 |] When WRB when you PP you wish VVP wish to TO to take VV take a DT a bearing NN bearing , , , do VVP do it PP it this DT this way NN way : : : [5-127 |]

[5-128 |] 1 CD 1 Place NN place the DT the compass NN compass on IN on the DT the map NN map . SENT . [5-129 |] Lay VV lay the DT the long JJ long edge NN edge of IN of the DT the compass NN compass , , , with IN with the DT the direction NN direction of IN of travel NN travel arrow NN arrow from IN from where WRB where you PP you are VBP be to TO to the DT the your PP$ your destination NN destination . SENT . [5-130 |]

[5-131 |] 2 LS 2 Turn VV turn the DT the movable JJ movable housing NN housing so RB so that IN that the DT the orienting VVG orient arrow NN arrow is VBZ be parallel JJ parallel with IN with the DT the north-south JJ north-south lines NNS line on IN on the DT the map NN map . SENT . [5-132 |]

[5-133 |] 3 LS 3 Lift VV lift the DT the compass NN compass from IN from the DT the map NN map . SENT . [5-134 |] Hold VV hold the DT the compass NN compass flat RB flat and CC and turn VV turn until IN until the DT the magnetic JJ magnetic needle NN needle in IN in the DT the housing NN housing lies VVZ lie parallel JJ parallel over IN over the DT the orienting VVG orient arrow NN arrow . SENT . [5-135 |]

[5-136 |] 4 LS 4 The DT the direction NN direction of IN of travel NN travel arrow NN arrow points NNS point toward IN toward your PP$ your destination NN destination . SENT . [5-137 |]

[5-138 |] In IN in case NN case of IN of accident NN accident [5-139 |] Even RB Even though IN though most JJS most mountain NN mountain tours NNS tour go VVP go on IN on without IN without indicent NN , , , you PP you should MD should be VB be prepared VVN prepare to TO to act VV act should MD should the DT the opposite NN opposite occur VV occur . SENT . [5-140 |] Regardless RB regardless of IN of how WRB how well RB well organized VVN organize the DT the Norwegian JJ Norwegian rescue NN rescue services NNS service are VBP be , , , you PP you yourself PP yourself are VBP be responsible JJ responsible for IN for not RB not getting VVG get into IN into situations NNS situation where WRB where accidents NNS accident occur VVP occur . SENT . [5-141 |] It PP it 's VBZ be easier JJR easy to TO to act VV act sensible NN sensible when WRB when the DT the forces NNS force of IN of nature NN nature break NN break loose RB loose if IN if you PP you have VHP have thought VVN think through IN through situations NNS situation in IN in advance NN advance . SENT . [5-142 |] The DT the best JJS good way NN way to TO to tackle VV tackle dangers NNS danger is VBZ be to TO to learn VV learn to TO to avoid VV avoid them PP them . SENT . [5-143 |]

[5-144 |] Main JJ main rules NNS rule for IN for first JJ first aid NN aid [5-145 |] Of IN of course NN course , , , the DT the same JJ same rules NNS rule for IN for lifesaving JJ lifesaving first JJ first aid NN aid apply VV apply in IN in the DT the mountains NNS mountain as RB as elsewhere RB elsewhere . SENT . [5-146 |]

[5-147 |] 1. CD @ord@ Ensure VV ensure free JJ free airways NNS airway . SENT . [5-148 |] An DT an unconscious JJ unconscious person NN person should MD should be VB be laid VVN lay in IN in a DT a stable JJ stable lateral JJ lateral position NN position . SENT . [5-149 |] If IN if the DT the patient NN patient is VBZ be n't RB not breathing VVG breathe , , , you PP you should MD should start VV start mouth-to-mouth JJ mouth-to-mouth resuscitation NN resuscitation . SENT . [5-150 |] If IN if the DT the patient NN patient has VHZ have no DT no pulse NN pulse , , , in IN in addition NN addition you PP you should MD should start VV start chest NN chest compression NN compression . SENT . [5-151 |] 2. CD @ord@ Stop NN stop heavy JJ heavy bleeding NN bleeding . SENT . [5-152 |] Heavy JJ heavy , , , lethal JJ lethal bleeding NN bleeding must MD must be VB be stopped VVN stop as RB as fast RB fast as RB as possible JJ possible . SENT . [5-153 |] Use VV use a DT a pressure NN pressure bandage NN bandage or CC or a DT a bloodstopper NN . SENT . [5-154 |] 3. CD @ord@ Prevent VV prevent circulation NN circulation failure NN failure . SENT . [5-155 |] Try VV try to TO to comfort NN comfort the DT the patient NN patient . SENT . [5-156 |] If IN if needed VVN need , , , position VV position him PP him with IN with elevated JJ elevated legs NNS leg . SENT . [5-157 |] Wrap VV wrap the DT the patient NN patient well RB well in IN in warm JJ warm clothing NN clothing , , , a DT a sleeping VVG sleep bag NN bag or CC or blankets NNS blanket . SENT . [5-158 |] 4. CD @ord@ Prevent VV prevent infection NN infection . SENT . [5-159 |] Cover VV cover open JJ open wounds NNS wound , , , preferable JJ preferable with IN with sterile JJ sterile compresses NNS compress . SENT . [5-160 |] Splint NN splint or CC or stabilize VV stabilize fractures NNS fracture such JJ such that IN that onward JJ onward transport NN transport can MD can be VB be as RB as gentle JJ gentle as IN as possible JJ possible . SENT . [5-161 |] 5. CD @ord@ Transport NN transport . SENT . [5-162 |] Call NN call for IN for help NN help , , , Tel NP Tel : : : 112 CD @card@ ( ( ( police NN police , , , rescue NN rescue services NNS service ) ) ) or CC or 113 CD @card@ ( ( ( doctor NN doctor , , , ambulance NN ambulance ) ) ) , , , for IN for instance NN instance from IN from a DT a staffed VVN staff lodge VV lodge , , , and CC and prepare VV prepare for IN for transport NN transport after IN after the DT the patient NN patient 's POS 's condition NN condition has VHZ have stabilized VVN stabilize . SENT . [5-163 |] Remember VV remember that IN that you PP you cannot RB rely VVP rely on IN on mobile JJ mobile telephone NN telephone coverage NN coverage everywhere RB everywhere in IN in the DT the mountains NNS mountain . SENT . [5-164 |]

[5-165 |] Blisters VVZ blister [5-166 |] The DT the hiker NN hiker 's POS 's most RBS most common JJ common affliction NN affliction is VBZ be easier JJR easy to TO to prevent VV prevent than IN than cure NN cure . SENT . [5-167 |] Blisters NNS blister most RBS most often RB often occur VV occur where WRB where a DT a boot NN boot rubs NNS rub or CC or presses NNS press against IN against the DT the foot NN foot , , , at IN at the DT the heel NN heel , , , instep NN instep , , , or CC or outer JJ outer sides NNS side of IN of the DT the toes NNS toe . SENT . [5-168 |] Places NNS place that WDT that redden VV redden due JJ due to TO to rubbing NN rubbing should MD should be VB be covered VVN cover with IN with broad JJ broad adhesive JJ adhesive plaster NN plaster bandages NNS bandage , , , athletic JJ athletic tape NN tape or CC or blister NN blister block NN block bandages NNS bandage . SENT . [5-169 |] Places NNS place exposed VVN expose to TO to pressure NN pressure should MD should be VB be padded VVN pad to TO to distribute VV distribute the DT the pressure NN pressure . SENT . [5-170 |] If IN if you PP you know VVP know that IN that you PP you easily RB easily get VVP get blisters NNS blister or CC or if IN if you PP you have VHP have boots NNS boot that WDT that irritate VV irritate particular JJ particular parts NNS part of IN of your PP$ your feet NNS foot , , , it PP it 's VBZ be just RB just as RB as good JJ good to TO to plaster NN plaster affected JJ affected areas NNS area before IN before you PP you start VVP start walking VVG walk . SENT . [5-171 |] If IN if you PP you have VHP have new JJ new boots NNS boot that WDT that are VBP be n't RB not decently RB decently broken VVN break in IN in , , , you PP you should MD should be VB be especially RB especially watchful JJ watchful to TO to prevent VV prevent blistering VVG blister . SENT . [5-172 |] If IN if a DT a blister NN blister has VHZ have developed VVN develop to TO to a DT a water NN water blister NN blister , , , you PP you can MD can puncture VV puncture or CC or clip VV clip a DT a hole NN hole in IN in the DT the blister NN blister with IN with a DT a sterilized VVN sterilize knife NN knife , , , needle NN needle or CC or scissors NN scissors . SENT . [5-173 |] Thereafter RB thereafter , , , cut VVD cut a DT a compress NN compress or CC or bit NN bit of IN of foam NN foam rubber NN rubber so IN so it PP it lies VVZ lie around IN around the DT the wound NN wound and CC and there EX there 's VBZ be no DT no direct JJ direct pressure NN pressure that WDT that irritates VVZ irritate further RB farther when WRB when you PP you walk VVP walk onward RB onward . SENT .